YPSILANTI. 744 YU. the movement he Iiatl originated, he was defeated by the Turks near Dragasani (June 19th), and forced to take refuge in Austria. He was arrest- ed and kept a prisoner for six years at Munkiics and Theresienstadt. Released in 1827, broken in spirit and body by chagrin and priva- tions, he retired to Vienna, where he died. His younger brother, Demetkius (1793-1832), also began his career in the Russian army. Sent to Greece by his brother to assume the lead- ership of the revolt there, he took part in the capture of Tripolitza (October, 1821), but was less successful in the following year in his attack on Eubcea. His gallant defense of Argos against the Turks stopped their victorious advance (1823). His stul)born resistance (1825) to the victorious Ibrahim Pasha at Napoli was another valuable service to Greece. In 1828 he was made commander-in-chief; but differences arising between him and the President, Capo d'Istrias, he resigned his post in January, 1830. YPSILANTI. A city in Waslitenaw County, Midi., 29 miles west by south of Detroit, on the Huron River, and on the Michigan Central and the Lake Shore and Micliigan Southern railroads. It is also connected by electric lines with Ann Arbor and Detroit. Ypsilanti is the seat of the Michigan State Normal College. The industrial establishments include a foundrj' and machine sho]), a creamery, flouring mills, a paper mill, agricultural implement works, planing mills, and manufactories of reed furniture and cement products. Under the revised charter of 1898 the government is vested in a mayor, chosen annually, and a common council. The water- works and the electric light plant are owned and operated by the municipality. Ypsilanti was settled about 1825 and was incorporated in 1858. Population, in 1800, 6129; in 1900, 7378. YKIARTE, e're-iir'ta. Charles Emile (1832- 98 ) . A French author, born in Paris and trained as an architect. In 1859 he followed the Spanish campaign in ilorocco as correspondent and illus- trator, and in 18G0 that of Garibaldi in Sicily. In 1881 he became inspector of fine arts and continued to be in Government offices until his death in Paris. His publications include: Por- traits parisiens (1865) ; Goya, sa vie et son ontvre (1867); Le puritain (1875): Florence (1880) ; Franfoise de Rimini (1882) : La vie d'un pafricien de Venise (1885) ; and Autour des Borfiia (1890). YSAYE, e-sl'ye. ErofcNE (1858—). A Belgian violinist, born in Li&ge. His father, a success- ful conductor and violinist, who had acted as his teacher, sent him early to the Li(?ge Con- servatory. He next studied luider Wieniaw- ski and Vieuxtemps at Brussels, the latter of whom was so impressed with the boy"s talent that he obtained for him State aid by which he was enabled to complete his studies in Paris. His first important engagement was as leader of Bilsc's orchestra, Berlin, which apjiointment he held until 1881, after which he toured Europe and America. In 1886 he was aiijiointcd pro- fessor and director of the violin department at the Brussels Conservatory and soon afterwards organized the celebrated Ysaye quartet. His compositions include 6 violin concertos, varia- tions on a theme by Paganini. 3 mazurkas for violin, and I'ot'mc /lU'-yiaqiie for violin with or- chestra. He is considered one of the greatest of contemporary violinists. YS'GAFELL. The pseudonym of the Eng- lish writer Jane Williams (q.v.). YSLETA, ^-sla'ta. An Indian pueblo. See ISLETA. YSOLDE, e-sold'. See Iseult. YSOPET, e'so'pet'. A diminutive of .Esop; a general name in mediseval French literature applied to any collection of fables, more espe- cially the title of a volume of this nature writ- ten by Marie de France. This work consists of 103 pieces, written in octosyllabic couplets. It purports to be a translation "from an English version of a Latin translation of the Greek." The style is gi-aceful and the 'morals' are bright- ly expressed. A modernized version is to be found in Roquefort's edition of the author's works (1820). YSSEL, i'sel. or IJSSEL. A river of the Xetherlands. formed by the junction at Doesburg, in Gelderland, of the Oude (Old) Yssel from Westphalia and the Xieuwe (New) Y'ssel, an off- set of the Rhine, perhaps representing the water- way cut by Drusus (Jlap: Belgium, E 2). Thence it flows north and northwest past Zut- phen and Deventer, forming part of the bound- ary between Gelderland and Overyssel, and, passing Kampen. falls into the Zuyder Zee, form- ing at its mouth a delta of several arms. The Yssel is navigable for steamers throughout its length of 60 miles. There is another river of the same name, a branch of the Lek, in the Province of Utrecht. YSTAD, u'stad. A town of the Province of Malmuhus, Sweden, on the Baltic, 40 miles east- southeast of Malmo (Map: Sweden, E 9). It is an ancient, irregularly built town. Sugar, tobacco, ironwork, and leather are manufactured. The new port is exceptionally free from ice. Population, in 1893, 8540. YTTRIUM (Xeo-Lat.. from Yttrrhit, in Swe- den). A metallic clement contained in the min- eral gadolinite and first pronounced to be a new earth by Gadolin in 1794. It is found with other cerium metals, as a silicate, in gadolinite and allanite, and as a fluoride in yttocerite. The metal was obtained by Berzelius as an impure powder by reducing the chloride with potassium. Yttrium (symbol. Y; atomic weight. .80.02) is a dark gray powder that assumes the lustre and color of metallic iron when burnished. It com- bines with oxygen to form a si'S(|uioxide, which is a yellowish-white powder. Ytj, or TA YXJ, til yoo (d. R.c. 2107). The third of the 'ancient kings' so much lauded by Confucius for their virtue and their benign rule — the others being Yao (q.v.) and Shun. He was a native of Sze-chucn, a reputed descend- ant of Hwang-ti, and son of that Kun. Minister of Public Works under Yao, who had struggled unsuccessfully for nine years with the great inundation which occurred in that reign. Com- missioned by Shun. Y'ao's successor, to take up his father's unfinished work, set out four days after his marriage, and for thirteen j'cars never rested in his task, traversing the hills, surveying the nine provinces, open- ing up waterways for the imprisoned waters, noting the soil and productions, and fixing the
