imparisyllabic, often take the Greek -ă for -em: as Hectŏr, A. Hectŏr-ă or Hectŏr-em, rhētor orator, A. rhētŏr-a or rhētŏr-em. āēr, m. atmosphere, and aethēr, m. upper air, have always āĕr-ă, aethēr-a.
Names in -ēs, -ĭs, -y̆s, take -ēn, -ĭn,-y̆n, as well as -em, -im, -ym, as Sōcrăt-ēn or Sōcrăt-em, Thĕt-ĭn or Thĕt-im, It-y̆n or Ĭt-ym.
Voc. Sing.—Names in -is, -ys, -es, -eus, -ās (G. -antis), form the Voc. by dropping -s from the Nom., -ē being sometimes shortened, e.g., Alĕx-ĭ, Tīph-y̆, Ăchill-ĕ, Atreu, Ătlā.
Gen. Sing.—Names in -ēs, parisyllabic, take -i as well as -ĭs, as Sŏphŏcl-ēs, G. Sŏphŏcl-ī or Sŏphŏcl-ĭs.
Fem. names in -ō have Gen. in -ūs, as Dīdō, Dīdūs.[1]
Nom. Plur.—Imparisyllabic Nouns often take '-ĕs instead of -ēs: as Arcăs Arcadian, PI. Arcăd-ĕs; lampăs torch, Pl. lampăd-ĕs.
Acc. Plur.—The same Nouns often take -ăs instead of -ēs, as Ărab-s Arab, Acc. Pl. Ărăb-ăs; hērō-s demigod. Acc. Pl. hērō-ăs.
Dat. Abl. Plur.—Greek Neuter Nouns in -mă, G. -mătĭs, always make their Dat. and Abl. Plur. in -īs (instead of -ĭbŭs) as pŏēma. poem, D. Abl. PI. pŏēmatīs.
- ↑ The V. A. D. Abl. are identical in form with the Nom.
Formation of Genitive in Third Declension.
§ 276. The following lists will enable the student to form the Gen. Sing. (and thence all other cases) from the Nom. Sing. of any Noun of the Third Declension, and any Adjective of the Second Class.
List (A) gives the more usual formations of Nom and Gen. Sing.
List (B) gives all the Nouns and Adjectives used in the Classical period which form their Gen. Sing, otherwise than according to list (A). Words in (B) marked † are rare.
A.
Third Declension Endings.
-is, -is J -es, -is; -e, -is ; -i, -is[1].
-bs, -bis; -ps, -pis.
- ↑ Greek Neuter Nouns, as sināpi, mustard.
