SUPPLEMENTARY SYNTAX.
The following Sections to § 431 contain additions to and further illustrations of the rules in Part 1., and in general are arranged in the same order.
§ 297. Subject, Predicate, and Connexion. (1) The mode of indicating Connexion between Subject and Predicate by simply placing them side by side [§ 111 (3)] is also found in Dependent Construction after an Active (or less often a Passive) Verb of saying or thinking. It is especially frequent with the Past Part. (§ 200*), the Fut. Part. (§ 201), and the Gerundive, as hōc ăgundum cēnset he thinks this should be done.
The fuller expression with sum [§111 (4)] must be used where the Verb, if inserted, would be other than est, sunt, or esse.
Ellipse.—Exceptions are found in abbreviated expressions as bĕnĕ tĭbĭ (sc. sĭt) health to you! In such, other Verbs have often to be supplied, as mănum dē ăbŭlā (sc. tollĕ)! hands off the slate!
(2) Adverbs are sometimes used as Predicates with essĕ. They really qualify the Verb: haec mălĕ sunt this is wrong (lit. in a bad way).
§ 298.
Secondary Predicates.
The Verbs which take a Secondary Predicate (Adjective or Noun) are those of naming, thinking, making, 'choosing, and showing. In the Active the Predicate agrees with the Direct Object, and in the Passive with the Subject, according to the rules of Concord.
Acc., bŏnum tē vŏcās? do you call yourself good? Caesar dīctātōrem sē fēcĭt Cæsar made himself dictator; praestā tē vĭrum show yourself a man.
Nom., bŏnŭs exīstĭmārīs you are thought good; Caesar cōnsŭl factŭs est Cæsar was made dictator.
A Secondary Predicate in the Nom. is also used with fiō I become (used for Passive of făcĭō), existō, ēvādō I turn out, appāreō 'I appear, vĭdĕor I seem (lit. I am seen), mănĕo I remain: bŏnŭs ēvādĭt he turns out good.
§ 299. Apposition to a Sentence.—A Noun or Neut. Adj. may be put in apposition to a Sentence, referring to its
