Perfect.
| Dĭcit Cȳrum ingĕmŭissĕ[1]
quŏtĭēens fĭlĭum aspexĕrĭt[2] |
He says "Cyrus used to sigh(ingĕ whenever he saw his son." |
| Dĭcīt nūntĭum advēnissĕ[1] | He says " The messenger has come (advēnĭt). |
| Dīcĭt Gallōs fūgissĕ[1] ut prīmum Caesar sīgnum proelĭī dĕdĕrĭt[3] | He says " The Gauls fled (fūgērunt) as soon as Ccesar gave the signal for battle." |
| Dīcĭt Gallōs fŭissĕ[1] prĭsquam Cæsăr sīgnum proeĭī dĕdĕrĭt[3] | He Says "The Gauls hadfled (fūfgĕrant) before Cæsar gave the signal for battle." |
Future.
| Dīcĭt hŏmĭnem mŏrĭtūrum[1] nĭsĭ mĕdĭcus Zrŏpĕrĕt[4] | He says "The man will die unless the doctor makes haste." |
After mĕmĭnī, mĕmŏrĭā tĕnĕō, etc., I remember, the Present Infinitive is used to represent the Imperfect and sometimes the Perfect Indicative if the event has happened within the actual knowledge of the person referred to; mĕmĭnistĭs turn, iūdĭcēs, corpŏrĭbŭs cīvĭum Tĭbĕrum complēri you remember, judges, that then the Tiber was filled with the corpses of citizens.
§ 379. Verbs of Hoping and Promising.—These take a Future Infinitive in Latin.
| Spērat sē cĭtŏ ventūram | She hopes to come soon. |
| Iūrāvī mē haec factūrum | I swore to do this. |
§ 380. Might, ought, could, etc., with Infinitive.—Notice the difference between the English and Latin idioms with these Verbs.
| Pārērĕ dēbŭstī | You ought to have obeyed. |
| Pŏtĕrāmŭs cōgi | We could have been forced. |
| Hōc dīxissĕ pŏtest | He may have said this. |
In order to see what is the proper tense to use in Latin, the English Defective Verbs may, might, etc., should be replaced by other Verbs which have all their tense: părērē dēbŭstī you were bound to obey; hōc dīxissĕ pŏtest it is possible that he said this.
