effort and failure of our formula be due to just such mistakes?
Modern imperialism and modern industrialism are one and the
same system; root and branch of the same tree.
The race problem is the other side of the labor problem; and the black
man's burden is the white man's burden. At least it will be
of absorbing interest, to step within these distant world shadows, and, looking backward, to view the European and white
American labor problem from this wide perspective, remembering always that empire is the heavy hand of capital abroad.
With nearly every great European empire to-day walks its dark colonial shadow, while over all Europe there stretches the yellow shadow of Asia that lies across the world. One might indeed read the riddle of Europe by making its present plight a matter of colonial shadows, speculating on what might happen if Europe became suddenly shadowless—if Asia and Africa and the islands were cut permanently away. At any rate here is a field of inquiry, of likening and contrasting each land and its far-off shadow.
THE SHADOW OF PORTUGAL
I was attending the Third Pan-African Congress and I walked to the Palacio dos Cortes with Magellan. It was in December, 1923, and in Lisbon. I was rather proud. You see Magalhaes (to give him the Portuguese spelling) is a mulatto—small light-brown and his hands quick with gestures. Dr. José de Magalhaes is a busy man: a practising specialist; professor in the School of Tropical Medicine whose new buildings are rising; and above all, deputy in the Portuguese Parliament from Sao Thomé, Africa. Thus this Angolese African, educated in Lisbon and Paris, is one of the nine colored members of European Parliaments. Portugal has had colored ministers and now has three colored deputies and a senator. I saw two Portuguese in succession kissing one colored member on the floor of the house. Or was he but a dark native? There is so much ancient black blood in this peninsula.
Between the Portuguese and the African and near African there is naturally no “racial” antipathy—no accumulated his-
