Herodotus, mighty fragments of which the explorer dug up: upon them was carved the name of the royal builder, Amenemhat III.
After this peaceful victory, which won for Egypt so fair a province, and adorned it with such marvels of art, there is not much left to record concerning the twelfth dynasty. Its annals are quiet and prosperous throughout, and its art was progressive and beautiful. No man in the kingdom was more honoured than the artist, the man 'of enlightened spirit and skilfully working hand.' The office of 'architect to Pharaoh'[1] was sometimes held by sons and grandsons of the sovereign. There is a remarkable account of a great noble, Mentuhotep, who was a judge and learned in the law, a priest and a warrior. It is recorded of him that, as chief architect of the king, he promoted the worship of the gods, and instructed the inhabitants of the country according to the best of his knowledge, as God had commanded to be done. He protected the unfortunate, and freed him that was in need of freedom. 'Peace was
- ↑ Pharaoh is derived from the words Per-aa, 'Great House,' and answers pretty nearly to the 'Sublime Porte' at Constantinople. Later on it is used as the sovereign's name.
