admiration, the spectacle of so stable a character as one must admit Mr. Gould's to have been, fixed in boyhood and remaining unchanged all through a career which extended from a condition of the most modest kind (not to call it absolute poverty) to a position from which practically he ruled the financial world of this continent and materially affected the fortunes of the other. With untold wealth at his command, he was as simple in tastes, as unaffected in manner, as abstemious in habits, as industrious, as self-dependent and self-reliant, as when he set out in boyhood to make himself a rich man. Nor did any of his less amiable characteristics undergo a less change. In some of his first business ventures, can be read the same disposition for silent intrigue, the same secretiveness touching his intentions, the same subtlety and elaborateness of plan, and the same indifference to the feelings or comments of others, as marked the tremendous operations which are the climaxes of his purely speculative career—the war over Erie and the gold operations which culminated in that memorable and deplorable day which is written in history as "Black Friday."
There was, perhaps, never a time in Jay Gould's career when it was possible to estimate his wealth with anything approaching correctness. His secretive disposition stood in the way of a general acquaintance with the outcome of his many ventures. Long after he had gained control of the Wabash system of Railways, the Manhattan Elevated and the Western Union Telegraph Company, during a
