B. ix. c. in. 5, 6. PHOCIS. 117 by the Amphictyons, was diligently cultivated, but strangers were more harshly treated than by the Crisseans before them. The Amphictyons punished them and restored the territory to the god. The temple at Delphi is now much neglected, although formerly it was held in the greatest veneration. Proofs of the respect which was paid to it are, the treasuries constructed at the expense of communities and princes, where was deposited the wealth dedicated to sacred uses, the works of the most eminent artists, the Pythian games, and a multitude of cele- brated oracles. 5. The place where the oracle is delivered, is said to be a deep hollow cavern, the entrance to which is not very wide. From it rises up an exhalation which inspires a divine frenzy : over the mouth is placed a lofty tripod on which the Pythian priestess ascends to receive the exhalation, after which she gives the prophetic response in verse or prose. The prose is adapted to measure by poets who are in the service of the temple. Phemonoe is said to have been the first Pythian pro- phetess, and both the prophetess and the city obtained their appellation from the word Pythesthai, to inquire, (jrvQiaQaC). The first syllable was lengthened, as in the words dddvaroc, 1 [The establishment of cities, and the honour paid to com- mon temples, are due to the same feelings and causes. Men were collected together into cities and nations, from a natural dis- position to society, and for the purpose of mutual assistance. Hence common temples were resorted to, festivals celebrated, and meetings held of the general body of the people. For friendship commences from and is promoted by attending the same feasts, uniting in the same worship, and dwelling under the same roof. The advantages derived from these meetings were naturally estimated from the number of persons who at- tended them, as also from the number of places from whence they came.] 6. Although the highest honour was paid to this temple on account of the oracle, (for it was the most exempt of any from deception,) yet its reputation was owing in part to its situation in the centre of all Greece, both within and without the isth- mus. It was also supposed to be the centre of the habitable 1 Apparently an interpolation. Groskurd.
