STATE OK THE CAMPAIGN. II. In the aniiies of the Freiicli and the English, as CHAP. augmented by the number of sailors and marines withdrawn from their fleets for land service, there 2n,"|,* was an effective strength of about 65,000 combat- ants.* Of foot-soldiery included in this number, the French counted 31,000,-|- whilst the effective rank and file of the English infantry was almost line, accustomed to work under fire, and conducing, of course, most effectively to the defence of Sebastopol. The seamen, it is true, sustained serious losses between the opening of the siege and the 5th of November ; but, considering that I adopt Gen- eral de Todleben's reckoning of the land forces without dispute, that I do not reckon any of the 5000 dockyard labourers, and, finally, that I leave a margin of no less than 3117, the Rus- sians, I trust, will consider that the above number of 120,000 is stated with fiiirness and moderation. Some of the seameu were, no doubt, on board ships, but then those ships were engaged, so to speak, in land service, and that of the most effective kind. I do not count at all the 2708 artillerymen who manned the coast batteries, because they were strictly confined to that duty (see ' Invasion of the Crimea,' vol. iv. of the Cabinet Edition), and may be considered as neutralised by the Allied fleets against which they guarded the place.
- Effective combatants of French army, including
their landed seamen (Official State in Atlas de la Guerre), .... 40,100 English army (' Morning State ' of 3d November 1854), ..... 22,343 English seamen and marines (about) . . 2,500 64,943 These figures include not only all the effective combatants of the French and English cavalry and infantry, but also their arlillerymen ; and it may be well for me to say this expressly, because narrators often go upon the plan of enumerating only horse, foot, and (juns. t 31,453
