BETWEEN THE CZAR AND THE SULTAN. 331 and so crushing resistance; but it would still chap. XIV remain true that, although it was not specifically !_ designed and ordered, the massacre was brought about by him, and by Moray, Maupas, and St Arnaud, — all acting with the concurrence and under the encouragement of Fleury and Persigny. By them the deeds of the 2d of December were contrived and done ; by them, and in order to the support of those same deeds, the army was brought into the streets ; by their industry the minds of the soldiery were whetted for the slaughter of the Parisians ; and, finally, by their hesitation, or the hesitation of Magnan their in- strument, the army, when it was almost face to face with the barricades, was still kept standing and expectant, until its Generals, catching and transmitting in an altered form the terror which had come upon them from the Ely see, brought the troops into that state of truculent panic which was the immediate cause of the slaughter. It must also be remembered that the doubt which I have tried to solve extends only to the cause which brought about the massacre of the peaceful crowds on the Boulevard ; for it remains unques- tioned that the killing of the prisoners taken in the barricaded quarter was the result of design, and was enforced by stringent orders. Moreover, the persons who had the blood upon their hands were the persons who got the booty. St Arnaud is no more; but Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, Moray, Fleury, Maupas, Magnan, and Persigny
