Constitution of the several assemblies.
The Witenagemót;
its constitution becomes gradually less popular. King's inner council is held in the solar.[1] It is possible, as indeed I have already hinted,[2] that there was a difference in the nature of the assembly in the case of William of Saint-Calais and in the two cases of Anselm and Thomas. We must remember that in the reign of William Rufus the judicial and administrative system was still only forming itself, and that many things were then vague and irregular, both in fact and in name, which had taken a definite shape in the time of Henry the Second. Between the case of Anselm and the case of Thomas came the justiciarship of Roger of Salisbury and the chancellorship of Thomas himself. I am inclined to think that, at Rockingham, at Winchester, at Northampton, the assembly was strictly the great assembly of the nation, the ancient Witenagemót, with such changes in its working as had taken place between the days of the Confessor and the days of William Rufus, and again between the days of William Rufus and the days of Henry the Second. Each of these periods of change would of course do something towards taking away from the old popular character of the assembly. At Rockingham that popular character is by no means lost. We are not told where the line, if any, was drawn; but a multitude of monks, clerks, and laymen were there.[3] At Northampton we hear of no class below the lesser barons; and they, with the sheriffs, wait in the outer hall, till they are specially summoned
- ↑ The Archbishop enters the hall ("aula"), while the King is in "cœnaculo seorsum" (Herbert, iii. 37, vol. iii. p. 305). From pp. 307, 309 it appears that this cœnaculum was simply a solar or upper chamber; "Universis quotquot erant de cœnaculo ad domum inferiorem in qua nos eramus, descendentibus." William Fitz-Stephen (vol. iii. p. 57) seems to speak of the hall as "camera;" cf. p. 50.
- ↑ See above, p. 94.
- ↑ Will. Fitz-Steph. 58, vol. iii. p. 67. "A comitibus et baronibus suum exigit rex de archiepiscopo judicium. Evocantur quidam vicecomites et secundæ dignitatis barones, antiqui dierum, ut addantur eis et assint judicio."
