CHAPTER XLIII
ARISTIDES IS OSTRACISED
Four years after the battle of Marathon, Themistocles and
Aristides were the two chief citizens in Athens.
Themistocles wished to make Athens a great sea-power, for he was sure that some day the Persians would return. He believed that if the Athenians were able to destroy the Persian fleet, all would be well. The land forces of the enemy would be powerless to conquer Greece.
But if Athens was to have a better fleet, Themistocles knew that she must first have a better harbour. The one that the Athenians used was at Phalerum, where the sea almost reached the city. It was only an open roadstead, a place where ships might ride at anchor, which would be of little use to protect vessels from an enemy.
Themistocles knew a better site than Phalerum, where a strong harbour might be built. This was the rocky peninsula of Piraeus, which was about four miles from Athens.
By his advice three harbours were made here, into which the largest vessels could enter. Yet the opening to all three was such that it could be closed easily with chains and logs, so as to prevent the entrance of an enemy. The Piraeus soon grew into a large town, for those who did not own land flocked to the port in the hope of finding work.
Not only did Themistocles persuade the Athenians to fortify the Piraeus, but he also made Athens a great sea-*power.
At this time there was money to spare in the public treasury, for a rich bed of silver had been discovered in an
