24
These changes in the disposition of the pigment accommodate the tint of the animal to that of surrounding objects. A dark frog placed in a white earthen basin in sunlight soon assumes a dull yellow colour, and a pale one is not long in becoming black in a covered earthen jar.
It was very interesting to find that light produces these effects, not by direct action upon the skin, but indirectly through the retina and optic nerve. A hood of black cloth, carefully arranged so as to exclude light from the eyes without obstructing respiration, entirely prevented a dark frog from becoming pale in bright sunlight. I was naturally desirous of ascertaining through what efferent channels the nervous impulse that caused concentration of the pigment on exposure to light was conveyed from the brain to the foot. Division of the sciatic nerve had no effect whatever upon the colour of the limb. I then tried cutting through all the structures in the thigh except the bone, the femoral artery and vein and the sciatic nerve. This also had no influence. But when I added to the latter procedure the section of the sciatic, the animal being then pale, it gradually grew dark below the seat of operation, till in no long
but their extreme minuteness, together with the excessive rapidity of their apparent motion under the high magnifying power requisite, made them generally elude observation. I fancied I saw an indefinite rush of something through the clear space around the already accumulated mass, but I could not be sure. On one occasion, however, I saw some individual granules leave the mass and make excursions into the colourless liquid, as. I could not doubt it to be.
