and receive payments from anyone, anywhere on the globe." LIBERTY RESERVE also touted itself as the Internet's "largest payment processor and money transfer system," serving "millions" of people around the world, including the United states. At no time, however, did LIBERTY RESERVE register with the United States Department of the Treasury as a money transmitting business.
2. ARTHUR BUDOVSKY, a/k/a "Arthur Belanchuk," a/k/a "Eric Paltz," the defendant, was the principal founder of LIBERTY RESERVE. At all relevant times, BUDOVSKY directed and supervised LIBERTY RESERVE’s operations, finances, and corporate strategy.
3. VLADIMIR KATS, a/k/a "Ragnar," the defendant, was a co-founder of LIBERTY RESERVE. KATS helped direct LIBERTY RESERVE until he left the company over a dispute with ARTHUR EUDOVSKY, a/k/a "Arthur Belanchuk," a/k/a "Eric Paltz," the defendant, in or about 2009. KATS has also run multiple LIBERTY RESERVE "exchanger" services.
4. AHMED YASSINE ABDELGHANI, a/k/a "Alex," the defendant managed the day-to-day operations of LIBERTY RESERVE from in or about 2005 through in or about 2009, when he too left the company over a dispute with ARTHUR BUDOVSKY, a/k/a "Arthur Belanchuk," a/k/a "Eric Paltz," the defendant.
