796 APPENDIX. PROCLAMATIONS. Nos. 49, 50. said foreign nation, or from any other foreivn country; the said suspension to take effect from the time of such notification being given to the President of the United States, and to continue so long as the reciprocal exemption of vessels belonging to citizens of the United States, and their cargoes, as aforesaid, shall be continued, and no longer: _ And whereas satisfactory evidence has lately been received from the government of his Holiness the Pope, through an official communication addressed by Cardinal Antonelli, his secretary of state, to the minister resident of the United States at Rome, under date of the seventh day of December, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, that no discriminating duties of tonnage or impost are imposed or levied in the ports of the Pontifical States upon vessels wholly belonging to citizens of the United States, or upon the produce, manufactures, or merchandise imported in the same from the United States, or from any foreign country: Now, therefore, I, JAMES BUCHANAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby declare and proclaim that the foreign discriminating duties of tonnage and impost within the United States are, and shall be, suspended and discontinued, so far as respects the vessels of the subjects of His Holiness the Pope, and the produce, manufactures, or merchandise imported into the United States in the same from the Pontilical States, or from any other foreign country; the said suspension to take effect from the seventh day of December, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, above mentioned, and to continue so long as the reciprocal exemption of vessels belonging to citizens of the United States and their cargoes as aforesaid shall be continued, and no longer. Given under my hand, at the city of Washington, the twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred [L. s.] and fifty-eight, and of the independence of the United States the eighty-second. JAMES BUCHANAN. BY THE PRESIDENT: LEWVIS CASS, Secretary of State. N0. 50. Respecting the Rebellion and Mormon Troubles in the Territory of [Rah. April 6, l858· BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. XVHEREAS, the Territory of Utah was settled by certain emigrants from the States, and from foreign countries, who have for several years past manifested a spirit of insubordination to the constitution and laws of the United States. The great mass of those settlers, acting under the influence of leaders to whom they seem to have surrendered their judgment, refuse to be controlled by any other authority. They have been often advised to obedience, and these friendly counsels have been answered with defiance. The of the federal government have been driven from the Territory for no offence but an effort to do their sworn duty. Others have been prevented from going there by threats of assa.·s· sination. Judges have been violently interrupted in the performance of their functions, and the records of the courts have been seized and either destroyed or concealed. Many other acts of unlawful violence have been perpetrated, and the right to repeat them has been openly claimed by the leading inhabitants, with at least the silent acquiescence of nearly all the others. Their hostility to the lawful government of the country has at length become so violent that no officer bearing a commission from the Chief Magistrate of the Union can enter the Territory or remain there with safety; and all the officers recently appointed have been unable to go to Salt Lake or anywhere else in Utah beyond the immediate power of the army. Indeed, such is believed to be the condition to which a strange system of terrorism has brought the inhabitants of that region, that no one among them could express an opinion favorable to this government, or even propose to obey its laws, without exposing his life and property to peril. After carefully considering this state of affairs, and maturely weighing the obligation I was under to see the laws faithfully executed it seemed to me rivht
