92 STAT. 2468 33 USC 1321.
Regulations.
Penalty.
jurisdiction.
Damages, mitigation. Costs.
PUBLIC LAW 95-576—NOV. 2, 1978 (4) Section 311(b)(3) of such Act is amended by striking out "in harmful quantities" and inserting in lieu thereof "in such quantities as may be harmful". (5) Section 311(b)(4) of such Act is amended to read as follows: "(4) The President shall by regulation determine for the pur' poses of this section those quantities of oil and any hazardous substances the discharge of which may be harmful to the public health or welfare of the United States, including but not limited to fish, shellfish, wildlife, and public and private property, shore(6) Section 311(b)(5) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act is amended by inserting "at the time of the discharge" after the words "otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the United States". (7) Section 311(b)(6) of such Act is amended by inserting after " (6)" the letter " (A) " and by inserting "at the time of the discharge" alter the words "otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the United States", and by inserting four new subparagraphs as follows: "(B) The Administrator, taking into account the gravity of the offense, and the standard of care manifested by the owner, operator, or person in charge, may commence a civil action against any such person subject to the penalty under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph to impose a penalty based on consideration of the size of the business of the owner or operator, the effect on the ability of the owner or operator to continue in business, the gravity of the violation, and the nature, extent, and degree of success of any efforts made by the owner, operator, or person in charge to minimize or mitigate the effects of such discharge. The amount of such penalty shall not exceed $50,000, except that where the United States can show that such discharge was the result of willful negligence or willful misconduct within the privity and knowledge of the owner, operator, or person in charge, such penalty shall not exceed $250,000. Each violation is a separate offense. Any action under this subparagraph may be brought in the district court of the United States for the district in which the defendant is located or resides or is doing business, and such court shall have jurisdiction to assess such penalty. No action may be commenced under this clause where a penalty has been assessed under clause (A) of this paragraph. "(C) In addition to establishing a penalty for the discharge of a hazardous substance, the Administrator may act to mitigate the damage to the public health or welfare caused by such discharge. The cost of such mitigation shall be deemed a cost incurred under subsection (c) of this section for the removal of such substance by the United States Government.
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