98 STAT. 76
PUBLIC LAW 98-237—MAR. 20, 1984 published and filed. The Commission may reject a tariff that is not filed in conformity with this section and its regulations. Upon rejection by the Commission, the tariff is void and its use is unlawful.
46 USC app.
SEC. 9. CONTROLLED CARRIERS.
(a) CONTROLLED CARRIER RATES.—No controlled carrier subject to this section may maintain rates or charges in its tariffs filed with the Commission that are below a level that is just and reasonable, nor may any such carrier establish or maintain unjust or unreasonable classifications, rules, or regulations in those tariffs. An unjust or unreasonable classification, rule, or regulation means one that results or is likely to result in the carriage or handling of cargo at rates or charges that are below a just and reasonable level. The Commission may, at any time after notice and hearing, disapprove any rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations that the controlled carrier has failed to demonstrate to be just and reasonable. In a proceeding under this subsection, the burden of proof is on the controlled carrier to demonstrate that its rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations are just and reasonable. Rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations filed by a controlled carrier that have been rejected, suspended, or disapproved by the Commission are void and their use is unlawful. (b) RATE STANDARDS.—For the purpose of this section, in determining whether rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations by a controlled carrier are just and reasonable, the Commission may take into account appropriate factors including, but not limited to, whether— (1) the rates or charges which have been filed or which would result from the pertinent classifications, rules, or regulations are below a level which is fully compensatory to the controlled carrier based upon that carrier's actual costs or upon its constructive costs, which are hereby defined as the costs of another carrier, other than a controlled carrier, operating similar vessels and equipment in the same or a similar trade; (2) the rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations are the same as or similar to those filed or assessed by other carriers in the same trade; (3) the rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations are , required to assure movement of particular cargo in the trade; or (4) the rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations are required to maintain acceptable continuity, level, or quality of common carrier service to or from affected ports. (c) EFFECTIVE DATE OF RATES.—Notwithstanding section 8(d) of this Act, the rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations of controlled carriers may not, without special permission of the Commission, become effective sooner than the 30th day after the date of filing with the Commission. Each controlled carrier shall, upon the request of the Commission, file, within 20 days of request (with respect to its existing or proposed rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations), a statement of justification that sufficiently details the controlled carrier's need and purpose for such rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations upon which the Commission may reasonably base its determination of the lawfulness thereof. (d) DISAPPROVAL OF RATES.—Whenever the Commission is of the opinion that the rates, charges, classifications, rules, or regulations
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