464] H I D laughing; thirst, cold drinks, sup- pression of diarrhoea, antipathy, &:c. It can by ; no means be considered as a disease, though a few instances have occurred, in which it has con- tinued for three or four years ; and one in which it became habitual, and could not be removed. Persons who eat large meals, and load the stomach by drinking profusely after them, or those liable to flatulency, arc chiefly subject to this affection. The common hiccough seldom requires any medicine to remove it, as it generally disappears after drinking a few small draughts of water in quick succession'; but, when it becomes very troublesome, 2 table-spoonful of vinegar may be swallowed. In several very obstinate cases, simple peppermint-water acidulated with a few drops of vi- triolic acid, has procured imme- diate relief. Vomiting; sneezing; the application of cupping glasses, or aromatics to the pit ot the sto- mach ; the stench of an extin- guished tallow-candle, and many other remedies, have occasionally been resorted to with success. In children, or nervous adults, sudden joy or fright, or the promise of an acceptable present, is often equally efficacious. HIDE, generally speaking, sig- nifies the skin of beasts, but is par- ticularly applied to those of large cattle, such as bullocks, cows, horses, &c. Hides are either raw or green, that is, in the same state as when they were taken off the carcass ; salted or seasoned, in which case they are dressed with salt, alum, and salt-petre, to prevent them from {nitrifying ; or they are cur- ried or tanned ; for an account of which processes, die reader will HID consult the articles Cukryin'g ant? Tanning-. In August 1733, a patent was d to Mr. Geo. Choumkkt, of Five -foot -lane, Bern ion 'sev- street, Surrey, tanner, for his in- vention of a machine for cutting, splitting, and dividing hides and skins both in the pelt, and af- ter being dressed into leather, for separating the grain from the flesh-side. As, however, this pa- tent, though expired, cannot be understood without a plate, and is, besides, not immediately connected with domestic economy, we refer the inquisitive reader to the 4th vol. of the Repertory of Arts and Manufactures. Another patent was granted in May, 1801, to MiTmo.Bagnall, of Worsley, Lancashire, for a mill or machine for beaming or work- ing green hides and skins out of the mastering or drench, and preparing them for the ouse or back liquor, and also for chopping, grinding, riddling, and pounding bark, and for other purposes. This machine may be worked by wind, water, steam, or any other power ; but for the reasons before stated, we again refer the curious reader to the 15th vol. of the work above cited. The hides of cows, oxen, horses, marcs, and geldings, in the hair, pay on importation a duty of p'd. per piece : those of cows and oxen, when tanned, pay 5~d. per lb.; and a convoy duty of 5d. per hide : those of horses, &c. in a similar state, are subject to a duty of (i- d. per lb., and to a convoy duty of 5|d. per hide. By the 9th Geo. III. C. 39, continued by the 30th Geo. III. c. 40, till the 1st of June 1803, and thence to the end of the next session of parlia- ment, both raw and undressed hides
