Page:A critical and exegetical commentary on Genesis (1910).djvu/396

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never have been raised but for a disinclination to admit anything of the nature of a stipulation into P's idea of the covenant.—10. This is my covenant] Circumcision is both the covenant and the sign of the covenant: the writer's ideas are sufficiently vague and elastic to include both representations. It is therefore unnecessary (with Ols. and Ball) to read (Symbol missingHebrew characters) (see v.13).—11. for a covenant-sign] i.e., after the analogy of 912f., a token by which God is reminded of the existence of the covenant. The conception rises out of the extraordinary importance of the rite when the visible fabric of Hebrew nationality was dissolved, and nothing remained but this corporal badge as a mark of the religious standing of the Jew before Yahwe.—12a. at the age of eight days] connected with the period of the mother's uncleanness: Lv. 121. 3; cf. Gn. 214, Lk. 159 221, Phil. 35; Jos. Ant. i. 214.—12b, 13 go together (De.), extending the obligation to slaves, who as members of the household follow the religion of their master.—The penalty of disobedience is death or excommunication, according as one or the other is meant by the obscure formula: be cut off from its kindred (v.i.).


1O. (Symbol missingHebrew characters)] G + (Symbol missingGreek characters). The whole is possibly a gloss (KS. Ba. Gu.), due to confusion between the legislative standpoint of 10ff. with its plural address, and the special communication to Abraham; see, however, vv.12f.(Symbol missingHebrew characters)] inf. abs. used as juss.; G-K. § 113 cc, gg: cf. Ex. 1248, Lev. 67, Nu. 65.—11. (Symbol missingHebrew characters)] treated by TOJ as active, from [root] (Symbol missingHebrew characters), but really abbreviated Niph. of [root] (Symbol missingHebrew characters) (cf. G-K. § 67 dd), a rare by-form (Jos. 52) of (Symbol missingHebrew characters)(Symbol missingHebrew characters)] [E] (Symbol missingHebrew characters), adopted by Ba.—12. (Symbol missingHebrew characters)] see 1414.—(Symbol missingHebrew characters)] only vv.13. 23. 27 and Ex. 1244.—(Symbol missingHebrew characters) is the individualising use of 2nd p. sing., frequently alternating with 2nd pl. in legal enactments. So v.13.—14. (Symbol missingHebrew characters)] [E]G + (Symbol missingHebrew characters) (Ba.).—(Symbol missingHebrew characters)(Symbol missingHebrew characters)] So Ex. 3033. 38 3114, Lv. 720f. 25. 27 179 198 2329, Nu. 913,—all in P, who employs a number of similar phrases—'his people,' 'Israel,' 'the congregation of Israel,' 'the assembly,' etc.—to express the same idea (see Dri. 1872). (Symbol missingHebrew characters) is here used in the sense of 'kin,' as occasionally in OT (see 1938 258). It is the Ar. 'amm, which combines the two senses of 'people,' and 'relative on the father's side': see We. GGN, 1893, 480, and cf. Dri. on Dt. 3250 (p. 384); Krenkel, ZATW, viii. 280 ff.; Nestle, ib. xvi. 322 f.; KAT3, 480 f. With regard to the sense of the formula there are two questions: (a) whether it embraces the death-penalty, or merely exclusion from the sacra of the clan and from burial in the family grave; and (b) whether the punishment is to be inflicted by the com-