252 Tjg} 1B> 59'; and often: v. more fully Bb» M0 ); occas. also with a conj. accent (as SO^i*? 'OJ Gn 3 21 cf. Lv 18 6 , of unoj 2 K 7 4 , nsnn jn^J Is 65", Pr 25 s . &T| l3Bn 1W Je 48', cf. 32 s9 ).— 1 is used very freely and widely in Heb., but also with much delicacy, to express relations and shades of meaning which Western languages would usu. indicate by distinct particles. But in Heb. particles such as ^N, W, -IN, |3K, Dbw, Tap, ?ypb, $, etc., were reserved for cases in which special emph. or distinctness was desired : their frequent use was felt instinctively to be inconsistent with the lightness and grace of movement which the Hebrew ear loved; and thus in AV, RV, words like or, then, but, notwithstanding, howbeit, so, thus, tlierefcre, that, constantly appear, where the Heb. has simply . . And, connecting both words (v. supra), and sentences (Gn I 5 '31 VT> W^ n W). When three, four, or more words follow, the conj. may connect them all, as Gn 7 21 io 2 (6 t.) 24 s5 (7 t.) Jos 7 M (10 t.) 2 S i7 2st : often however it is prefixed only to the last, as Gn 5 s2 io 1 Dt 18 10 etc.; occas. even it connects only the first two, 1 K 8 47 Is i 13 V 45 9 Jo 42 9 - Remarkably, how- ever, ] as a mere conj. is, as a rule, not in classical Hebrew attached directly to verbs (esp. in the perf.), the construction with ) consec. (v. 2) being (as in Moab.) preferred : thus ft*! K£ is said, not .1331 «V. Exceptions in class. Heb. are (a) sts. where synonyms are coupled, as Nu 23 19 IST] . . . "Wf, Dt 2 30 Ju 5 s6 1 S 12 2 Is i 2 "naum vton 2 " 5" 8 8 19 6 29 20 ; !b) isolated cases, difficult to reduce to rule perh. sts. due to text, error), as Gn 28" 38 s Jud 3 s3 7 13 16 18 1 S i' 2 3 13 4" 5 7 io" I7 38 - 48 25 20 al. (in other passages, appar. similar, the pf. and 1 has a frequent, force (v. 2), as Gn 37 s EX30 29 '- Nuio 17 '-2i 1620 iS2 22 i6 14 i7 Mf - (v. Dr) 27" 2 S 16' 3 17 17 , perh. also Gen. 15 6 21 25 34 6 ). In later parts of OT, prob. through Aram, influence, the pf. with simple ) occurs more freq. : so esp. in Ec, where it is all but universal (e.g. 2 1 etc.). With the impf., the simple 1 is not so nnidiomatic, even in class. Heb. (cf. 3); v. Gen i 926 9 s7 i7 2 22 ,7 27 29 Ex 23" (freq.) 24 7 Nu i 4 12 Dt 17 13 30 1213 Jos 3 13
J Ju7 3 i 3 8 Is 5 a 10 ; oft. also in Je Is 2 Jb ty,
e.g. Is4O 30 4i 20 (Dr» 116 : contrast 28"). Vid. more fully Dr * 130 " 1 Ges * " 2 - 6 . Special senses: — a. it %ta. = and specially, Gn 3 16 1K11 1 many strange women, and specially the daughter of Ph., Is i" Judah and (=and particularly) Jerusalem, 2 1 9 7 ^ 18 1 . b. and in particular ('und zwar'), and that (explicative), Gn 4* Ju f 1 S 17 40 W^S», 28 s in Bamah, and that in his city (unusual : text suspicious), 2 S I3 !0 nDCBh and that desolate, Is 57" I have been silent D?iyt31 an j, ^ tt ; f rom f ] ( j ) j s ^ 2 j Je 15 13 Am 3 U (si vera 1.), 4 10 Zc 9 9b Mai i" ^ 68 10 Pr 3 12 La 3 M Ec 8 2 Dn i 3 8 10 g av Ne 8 13 1 Ch9 27 2Ch8 13 29 27 (but'even'fon, beforehand inf., e.g. in IS44 28 Jei7 10 19 12 , is wrong; v. Ew
- sslc , Dr' 206 ). c. sts. it introduces an idea
which so exceeds or adds to what has preceded, that it is nearly equivalent to also, 1 S 25' 13 1 K 2 s2 ask also the kingdom for him ; un- usually Ho 8 6 mm btfkfiO <3 for of Isr. is it also, Ec s 6 D^am (v. De) 2 Ch 27 s (but v. ©). Or it may be rendered yea: so esp. in the ascending numerations 3-4 Am i 3 - 6 - 911 - 13 2 1 - 4 - 8 p r30 i8. 2 i.» 6 _ 7 p r6 ,6 Jb5l9) 7 _ g Mi g4_ the first number being aggravated, or augmented, by a higher. In one idiom -^33', occurring in geogr. descriptions, it is used peculiarly, seemingly = a< the same time: tNu34 6 and as for the W. border, b»Op biiari D»n D3^> rrrn the great sea shall be to you also (Germ. ' zugleich ') a border, Dt 3 16 ^M i>n|n Tjin the middle of the stream being at tlie same time the border, v 17 Jos 13 2327 i^' 2 -" 7 (but these, exc. Nu 34 6 , might be cases of 5 c y). d. it connects alternative cases, so that it = or; Ex 20 1017 21 16 he that stealeth a man 1T3 KXD31 hjW and selleth him, and (=or if) he be found in his hand, v 17 Lv2i" 22 23 - 24 Pr 29 s (Fl Ew RV : whether ... or) Jb 31 131626 , etc. e. it connects contrasted ideas, where in our idiom the contrast would be expressed explicitly by but; in such cases prominence is usu. given to the contrasted idea by its being placed immed. after the conj. : Gn 2 17 but of the tree of the knowledge . . . thou shalt not eat, 4" 6 8 17 21 3i 10 etc, 1 K 2 26 io 7 n 33 - 34 15" Pno'- 2 - 3 - 4 + oft.; even after s6 (where 1 or DK "3 might be expected), as Gn 42 10 Ex 21 18 LV26 45 Dt 11" Ju 19" 1 K 3 11 . f. it introduces a contrasted idea in such a way as to suggest a question, esp. before a pron., Ju 14 10 1 told it not to my father or my mother, "V5N ^b) and shall I tell it unto thee? 2S11 11 Je25 29 ' ! ip3n npan DM and shall ye be guiltless? 45 s Ez 20 31 3 3 25i Jon 4". So the 1 consec. and pf. (see 2 a), Ex 5 s DfiaB'rrt and will ye make them rest from their burdens? Nu 16 10 DriE^a* and seek ye the priesthood also? 1 S 25" Is 66" V. 50 21 and shall I keep
