4. To the wind-god with his steeds.
[Atharvan (as above).—vāyavyam. trāiṣṭubham.]
Found also in Pāipp. xx., and in a series of other texts: VS. (xxvii. 33), ÇB. (iv. 4. 115), MS. (iv. 6. 2), TA. (i. ii. 821), AÇS. (v. 18. 5), ÇÇS. (viii. 3. 10). Kāuç. (41. 26) teaches the repetition of the verse three times at the end of a rite for the benefit of a horse; and Vāit. (9. 27: misunderstood by the editor) applies it with an oblation to Vāyu at the cāturmāsya sacrifice.
Translated: Henry, 2, 49; Griffith, i. 328.
1. Both with one and with ten, O easily-invoked one (masc.); with two and with twenty, for [our] wish; both with three and with thirty separately yoked ones drivest thou, O Vayu—those do thou here release.
All the other texts read svabhūte at end of a, and niyúdbhis at beginning of d (the Pet. Lex. proposes the latter by emendation here); VS.ÇB.ÇÇS. have viṇçatī́ for viṅçatyā́ in b, and (as also AÇS.) combine vāyav ihá in d. SPP. strangely reads suhute in a, against the meter, and against the great majority of his authorities, but with the comm. (who, however, explains it as if it were suhūte). The comm. explains iṣṭáye by yāgāya, then again by icchāyāi; Henry translates "for conquest." Ppp. has, corruptly, cā bhūte (probably intending the reading of the other texts); in d it gives viyudbhir vāyuv iha tā vi m-. The second pāda is only by violence triṣṭubh. ⌊"One," "three," and "those" are fem.: the comm. supplies "mares."⌋ ⌊Perhaps the force of the accent of váhase is, "If thou drivest with 11 or 22 or 33 (no matter how many),—here release thou them." See Gram. §595 d.⌋
5. Mystic: on the offering or sacrifice.
[Atharvan (as above).—pañcarcam. ātmadevatākam: trāiṣṭubham: 3. pan̄kti; 4. anuṣṭubh.]
Found (the first two verses only) also in Pāipp. xx., and (the same verses) also in other texts, as noted below. Kāuç. takes no notice of the hymn; but it is prescribed by Vāit. (13. 13), in the agniṣṭoma ceremony, in connection with the entertainment (ātithyā) of Soma.
Translated: Henry, 2, 49; Griffith, i. 329.
1. By the sacrifice the gods sacrificed to the sacrifice; those were the first ordinances (dhárman); those greatnesses attach themselves to (sac) the firmament, where are the ancient (pū́rva) perfectible (sādhyá) gods.
The verse is RV. i. 164. 50,* found also in VS. (xxxi. 16), TS. (iii. 5. 115), TA. (iii. 12. 7), MS. (iv. 10. 3), CB. (x. 2. 23, with comment); ⌊Kaṭha-hss., p. 83;⌋ the only variant is sacante for sacanta in TS.TA. "This passage and vii. 79. 2 cast light upon the idea of sādhya; there are two kinds of gods: those with Indra at their head and the sādhya 'they who are to be won' (sādhya 'what is to be brought into order, under control, or into comprehension'). They are thus the unknown, conceived as preceding the known. Later they are worked into the ordinary classification of Vasus, Rudras, etc.; and what was formerly a serious religious problem, a hierarchy conceived as possible before the now-accepted gods (something like the pre-Olympians with the Greeks), has become an empty name." R. *⌊Also RV. x. 90. 16.⌋
