MORAN 303 MORAY ward Bound," and many views of New York Bay. He died in New York City, June 9, 1901. MORAN, THOMAS, an American painter, brother of E. Moran; born in Bolton, England, Jan. 12, 1837. Coming to the United States, he was apprenticed to an engraver at Philadelphia, and be- gan water-color landscapes in 1856. In 1871 he accompanied Prof. F. V. Hay- den's expedition to the Yellowstone river, and in 1873 Major Powell's expedition to the Colorado river. As a result of these journeys he painted "The Grand Canon of the Yellowstone" and "The Chasm of the Colorado," now in the capi- tol, at Washington. M0RA2TA (mo-ra'na), the Bohemian goddess of winter and death. MORAT (mo-ra) (German, Murten), a small town in the Swiss canton of Freiburg. Here, June 22, 1476, the Swiss gained a victory over Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. MORAVA (mo-ra' va), the chief river of Moravia, a tributary of the Danube, which it joins after a course of about 200 miles. MORAVIA (German, Mahren), a N. W. province or crownland of the Aus- trian Empire until the World War (1914-1918) ; area, 8,583 square miles. It is inclosed by the Carpathians and other mountains, and belongs almost en- tirely to the basin of the March or Mor- ava, a tributary of the Danube. The minerals are of considerable importance, and include ii'on, coal, graphite, and slate. Nearly 97 per cent, of the soil is produc- tive. Fruit is very abundant, and large quantities of wine are annually pro- duced. Sheep in great numbers, and cat- tle, are reared. Moravia is the most im- portant manufacturing province of the empire, after Austria proper and Bohe- mia. Its woolen industries are of world- wide fame. The chief towns are Briinn, Olmiitz, Znaim, and Iglau. About 70 per cent, of the inhabitants are Slavonians (Czechs) and nearly 30 per cent. Ger- mans. In 1029 Moravia was united to the kingdom of Bohemia, with which it passed to Austria in 1526. After the World War (1914-1918), by the terms of the peace treaty, a part oi the state of Czecho-Slovakia. Pop. about 2,700,000. MORAVIANS, a religious sect, called at first Bohemians, and constituting a branch of the Hussites, who, when the Calixtines came to terms with the Coun- cil of Basle, in 1433, refused to subscribe the articles of agreement, and constituted themselves into a distinct body. Their tenets were evangelical. In 1522 they made advances to Luther, who partially recognized them, but they ultimately adopted Calvinistic views as to the Lord's Supper. Their discipline was very strict. Driven by persecution, they scattered abroad, and for a time their chief settlement was at Fulnek in Mo- ravia, whence Moravian Brethren, or Moravians. On May 26, 1700, was born Nicolaus Ludwig, Count von Zinzendorf, son of the chamberlain and state min- ister of Augustus II., Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, Having met with a Moravian refugee, Count Zinzendorf offered him and his co-religionists an asylum on his estate. The man, whose name was David, accepted the offer, and in 1722 settled with three other men at a place called by Zinzendorf Herrnhut = (the Lord's guard). Under his foster- ing care, the sect greatly increased in strength. Till his death, on May 9, 1760, he traveled, largely spreading their views. Small Moravian churches arose on the Continent, in England, in Ireland, and in America. Though they have never been numerous, they acquired great reputation from having a larger proportion of their membership engaged in foreign missions than any Christian denomination. In 1917 there were 30,441 communicants in America, 153,210 en- rolled in mission provinces, 70,000 in Europe. MORAWETZ, VICTOR, American cor- poration lawyer; born in Baltimore, 1859. Educated in Europe and at Harvard (LL.B., 1879). Admitted to the bar 1880, appearing as counsel for railways and other corporations. General coun- sel, director, and chairman of Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railroad, and is now a director and executive of the Nor- folk and Western railroad, and an offi- cial in other corporations. Degree of LL.D., Williams College, 1914. Publica- tions: "Law of Private Corporations" (1882) : "Banking and Currency Prob- lems in the United States" (1909). MORAY, JAMES STUART, EARL OF, Regent of Scotland; born in 1533. He was the natural son of James V. of Scotland. In 1538 he was made prior of St. Andrews, in 1556 joined the Re- formers, and became the head of the Protestant party in Scotland. He brought back his half-sister. Queen Mary, from France in 1561, acting as her prime minister, and the title of Earl of Moray was in 1564 conferred on him. Strongly opposed to the marriage of Mary to Darnley (1565) ; after it he openly ap- pealed to arms, but was put to flight by
