LOW 25 LOWELL $1,175,000. In honor of President Low's generosity and in accord with his desire, the trustees of Columbia founded 12 scholarships in the university for Brook- lyn boys and the same number in Bar- nard College for Brooklyn girls, and also agreed to found eight annual schol- arships. In 1899 he was appointed by President McKinley a member of the delegation to represent the United States at the International Peace Conference at The Hague. Mr. Low was an unsuc- cessfvil candidate for mayor of Greater New York in 1897; and was again nom- inated for the office on a fusion ticket in 1901. After accepting the nomination he resigned the presidency of Columbia University in order to begin a vigorous campaign, which resulted in his election to the mayoralty. He was defeated in 1903 for re-election by George B. McClel- lan. He served in important public ca- pacities, and was a member of many learned societies. He died Sept. 16, 1916. LOW, WILL HICOK, an American figure painter and illustrator. After his early education in Albany, New York, h'^ came to New Ycrk City in 1870 and began to illustrate for several magazines. Later he went to Paris, where his art was much influenced by Duran and Mil- let. When he returned to America in 1877 he became instructor in the art classes at the Cooper Union. In his work in glass painting he was associ- ated with John La Farge. Among his more famous paintings are "Aurora" (Metropolitan Museum, N. Y.) and "Christmas Morn" (National Gallery, Washington). LOW CHUBCH, a term commonly ap- plied in the Church of England to those who form the more moderate party in the Church, having less ambitious notions of its authority and power, and being more tolerant in their conduct toward dissenters — opposed to High Church ig. v.). LOW COUNTRIES, a name applied to the territory occupied by the Nether- lands, Belgium, and the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg. The three formerly made up the region known as the Netherlands. LOWDEN, FBANK ORREN, an American governor; born in Minnesota 1861, educated at Iowa State University, practiced law in Chicago 1887-1906. In 1899 he accepted the professorship of law at Northwestern University. In the years 1900 to 1920 he took an active part in the politics of the Republican party, being a delegate to several of the national conventions. In 1906 he served in Congress, filling out the unexpired term of R. R. Hitt, deceased. In 1916 he was elected Governor of Illinois on the Republican ticket. He was one of the leading candidates for the Republi- can nomination for the presidency in 1920. LOWE, SIR HUDSON, a Britif:h mili- tary officer; the custodian of Napoleon in St. Helena; bom in Galway, Ireland, July 28, 1769. Entering the army in 1787, he served in various parts of the Mediterranean, and in 1808 capitulated at Capri to the French. He was for some time attached to the Prussian army commanded by Bliicher. On Aug. 23, 1815, he was appointed governor of St. Helena. Napoleon had landed there on Oct. 17 of the same year. His alleged ill-treatment of Napoleon brought much bitter criticism against him. In 1825 he was appointed commander of the forces in Ceylon. He died in London, England, July 10, 1844. LOWELL, a city and one of the coun- ty-seats of Middlesex co., Mass., on the Merrimac river and the Boston and Maine and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroads, 22% miles N. W. of Boston, and contains the villages of Ayers City, Belvidere, Bleachery, Centralville, Highlands, Middlesex Vil- lage, and Pawtucketville. The city de- rives immense water power from the falls of the river, and is one of the largest cotton-roanufacturing cities in the world. It also has large woolen, carpet, patent- medicine, furniture, tools,hydraulic-press, ammunition and hosiery manufactories and iron machine works. Among the charitable and educational institutions are St. John's Hospital. Lowell Hospital, Old Ladies' Home, St. Peter's Orphan- age, Theodore Edson Orphanage, State Normal School, Lowell Textile School, and Rogers Hall School. The principal public buildings are the court house, the city hall, and several fine churches and school houses. There are many public squares: waterworks supplied from the river, thorough sewerage, daily, weekly and monthly periodicals, banks, and electric light and street railroad plants. Pop. (1910) 106,294; (1920) 112,759. LOWELL, A(BBOTT) LAWRENCE. President of Harvard University, Cam- bridge, Mass.; bom in Boston in 1856 and graduated from Harvard in 1877. He entered the Harvard Law School and practiced law in Boston from 1880 to 1897. In 1900 he became professor of the science of government at Harvard and in 1909 succeeded Charles W. Eliot as president of the university. President Lowell became a trustee of several great
