(2), Orléans (2); Hermitage, St. Petersburg. By his son and pupil Pierre Antoine (born in 1648 or 1654, died in 1705), who was also employed in the Louvre, are: Four Landscapes representing January, April, August, September (1699), Louvre; Landscape with Mill, do. with River and Fortified Castle, Valenciennes Museum; Landscape with Ruins, do. with a Hermit, Basle Museum; September, December (1699), Schwerin Gallery.—Bellier, ii. 216; Jal, 942; Ch. Blanc, École française; Villot, Cat. Louvre; Lejeune, Guide, i. 153, 154.
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PATENIER. See Patinir.
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PATER, JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH,
born at Valenciennes, Dec. 29, 1695, died
in Paris, July 25, 1736. French school;
genre painter, son of a sculptor and pupil of
Watteau, for whose pictures his own are
sometimes taken, although the master was
by far the greater painter. Their subjects
are of the same character, and are treated
in much the same style and taste. Though
weak as a draughtsman, Pater was an excellent
colourist. Overwork is said to have
shortened his days. Member of Academy,
Dec. 31, 1728. Works: Picnic (1728), Reunion
of Comedians in a Park, The Toilet,
Conversation in a Park, Bather at a Brook,
Louvre, Paris; Women Bathing, Bal Champêtre,
Angers Museum; Pleasure Party in
a Garden, Group reposing in a Garden,
Nantes Museum; Portrait of Artist's Sister,
The Soirée, Valenciennes Museum; Women
Bathing, National Gallery, Edinburgh;
Guitar Player,
Young
Lady Eyeing
a Man leaning
against
Pedestal,
Cassel Gallery;
Man and Woman dancing to Music of
a Hurdy-gurdy, Men and Women dancing
around a Tree, Dresden Museum; The
Comical March, Metropolitan Museum, New
York; Landscape with Figures, Historical
Society, ib.—L'Artiste (1851), vi. 11, 21;
Bellier, ii. 216; Ch. Blanc, École française,
ii.; do., Les peintres des fêtes galantes
(Paris, 1854); Dohme, iii.; Jal, 943; Gaz.
des B. Arts (1860), iv. 13; do. (1863), xiv.
391.
PATIENCE, Cecchino del Salviati, Palazzo
Pitti, Florence; canvas, H. 5 ft. 10 in. × 3
ft. 4 in. A female figure, full-length, standing,
chained by one ankle to a rock, watching
the drops of water which fall one by one
from a vase upon her shackles, and which
are sure eventually to liberate her.—Gal. du
Pal. Pitti, i. Pl. 89.
PATINIR (Patenier), JOACHIM DE, born
at Dinant about 1490, died in Antwerp about
1524. Flemish school; painter of scriptural
subjects, in which the figures are subordinate
to the landscape. Matriculated in
St. Luke's guild at Antwerp in 1515; supposed
to have previously studied under
Gheerardt David at Bruges. Albrecht Dürer
was present at Patinir's second marriage
in 1521, and painted his portrait at Antwerp.
Early pictures fantastic, hard, and bad in
perspective; the later, more truthful and in
better taste. He is considered the founder
of the landscape school of the Low Countries.
Works: Flight into Egypt, Antwerp
Museum; Virgin of the Seven Sorrows,
Brussels Museum; History of Tobias, Haarlem
Museum; Flight into Egypt, Kunsthalle,
Hamburg; Temptation of St. Anthony,
Charon crossing the Styx, Flight into Egypt
(3), St. Francis, Rocky Landscape with St.
Jerome and the Lion, Madrid Museum;
Crucifixion, St. Christopher carrying Infant
Christ, St. John at Patmos, Nun (?), Flight
into Egypt (?), National Gallery, London;
Repose in Egypt, Conversion of St. Hubert,
Berlin Museum; Rocky Landscape with
St. Jerome before the Crucifix, Carlsruhe
Gallery; Nativity, St. Bernard carried in
Triumph by Emperor Conrad III., Triumph
of Love, Triumph of Time, Christ bearing
the Cross, Christ fallen under the Burden
of the Cross, Three Portraits, Cologne