104 KEDESH. KEDESH(Ka57jr,LXX.). 1. AtownofNaphtali, 20 M. P. from Tyre. (Euseb. Ononutst. s. v. Cedes.) Its Canaanitish chieftain was slain at the conquest of the land (^Josh. xii. 22); afterwards it belonged to the Levites, and was one of the cities of refuge. (Josh. XX. 7, xxi. 32 ; 1 Chron. vi. 76.) Barak was born here (Jtulyes, iv. 6): and Tiglatli-Pileser made the conquest of it (2 Kings, xv. 29). It was the scene of the victoiy of Jonathan Maccabaeus over the princes of Demetrius (1 Macc.x. 63 — 73), and was the birthplace of Tobias (Kv5is rfjs liecpdaAdfi, Tohit,i.2). In Josephus, KvSiaa (Antiq. ix. 1 1 . § 1) or Ke'Saca (Aiitiq. xiii. 5. § 1) is spoken of as the boundary between Tyre and Galilee: during the war it appears to have been hostile to Galilee (B.J. ii. 18. § 1). The strongly fortified place in this district, called Kv^oicraoi by the same writer (£. J. iv. 2. § 3), is probably the same as Kedesh. A village on the hills opposite the marshes of Hulet- Bdnids, still called Kedes, is identified by Dr. Kobinson with the ancient city. (Bibl. Ees. vol. iii. )). 355.) Kedes was visited in 1844 by the Rev. Eli Smith, who has a full account of it in 5IS. (Biblioth. Sacra, vol. iii. p. 203.) 2. A town in the S. district of the tribe of Judah. {Josh. XV. 23.) 3. A town of Issachar, belonging to the Levites. (1 Chron. vi. 72; Eeland, Palaest. p. 668; Winer, Biblisch. RealwiJrt.s.v. ; Von i;aiimer,P«?M^ p. 129 ; i.i.(tY.Erdkuiide,-(A. xv.pp. 246—252.) [E.B. J.J KEDEON, KIDKON. [jEr.usALEM.] KEILAII (KeiAo, LXX.; Ki'AAa, Joseph. Antlq. vi. 13. § 1 ; KTja, Euseb.), a city in the tribe of Judah {Josh. xv. 44), 8 II. P. from Eleutheropolis. ( F^useb. Onomast. s. ».) When the city was be- fcieged by the Philistines, David relieved it, but the thankless inhabitants would have delivered him into the hands of Saul. (1 Sam. sxiii. 1 — 13.) It assisted in the building of the walls of Jerusalem {Neh. iii. 17, 18); and, according to tradition, the prophet Habakkuk was buried here. (Sozomen, H. E. vii. 29 ; Niceph. U. E. xii. 48 ; Eeland, Palaest. p. 698; Winer, Biblisch. Realwort. s. v.; Von Eau- nier, Palest, p. 207.) [E. B. J.] KENITES (KifoToi, LXX.), a semi-nomad tribe of Midianites, dwelling among the Amalekites. (Ge?J. XV. 19; Num. xsiv. 21; 1 Savi. xv. 6.) Hobab (Jethro), the father-in-law of INloses, and Heber, the husband of Jael, who slew Sisera {Judg. i. 16, iv. 11), belonged to this race. The Eechabites are mentioned, with other families, as belonging to the Keuites. (I Chron. ii. 55 ; Jer. xxxv. 2 ; Winer, s. v.; Eitter, Erdkunde, vol. xv. pp. 135 — 138; Ewald, Gesch. des Volkes Israel, vol. i. p. 337, vol. ii. p. 31.) [E.B. J.] KENIZZITES (KewCaToi, LXX.), a Canaanitish tribe. {Gen. xv. 19.) Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, is called a Kenezite {Num. xxxii. 12; Josh. xiv. 6), and Othniel, his younger brother, is also called a son of Kenaz. {Judg. i. 13, iii. 9 ; comp. Josh. xv. 17 ; 1 Chron. iv. 13.) Another branch of this race are referred to the Edomites. {Gen sxxvi. 11; Winer, S.V.; Eitter, Erdkunde, vol. xv. p. 138; Ewald, Gesch. des Volkes Israel, vol. i. p. 338.) [E. B. J.] KERIOTH {Kapidd, LXX.). 1. A town of the tribe of Judah. {Josh. xv. 25.) It was probably the birthplace of the traitor Judas, who owed his surname ('laKapituTTjs) to this place. (Comp. Winer, s. V. Judas.) Dr. Eobinson {Bibl. lies. vol. ii. p. 472) has suggested that it may be represented by El- Kurei/etein, situated at the foot of the mountain KIRJATH. ridge S. of Hebron, where there are sites of ruins visible. 2. A town of Moah. (Jer. xlviii. 24, 41 ; Amos, ii. 2.) [E. B. J.] Kliy^ATH, a word signifying in Hebrew "town," or "city;" the following are the principal places to which this tenn is attached. 1. KiRjATHAiJi (Ktfiiadaifi, LXX.), or tlie " double city," one of the most ancient towns in the country E. of the Jordan, as it was in the hands of the Emims (Gen. xiv. 5 ; comp. Ewald, Gesch. des |i Volkes Israel, vol. i. p. 308), who were expelled " from it by the Bloabites. (Ueut. ii. 9, 11.) Kirja- thaim was afterwards assigned to the children of Reuben {Num. xxxii. 37; Josh. xiii. 19); but during the exile the Moabites recovered this and other towns. (Jer. xlviii. 1, 23; Ezek. xsy. 9.) Eusebius and Jerome (Onomast. s. v. Kaptadai/x) describe it as being full of Christians, and lying 10 JI. P. W. of Medeba. Burckhardt (Trav. p.367) heard of ruins called El-Teim, half an hour W. of the site of Medeba, which he conjectures to have been this place, the last syllable of the name being retained. This does not agree with the distance in the Onomasticon, but Jerome is probably wrong in identifying the Christian town with the ancient Kirjathaim, as the former is no doubt, from the data assigned by him, the modern Kureyeiat, S. of the Wady Zurka Main, and the latter the El-Teim of Burckliardt, to the N. of the Wady. (Comp. Eitter, Erdkunde, vol. xv. pp. 1185, 1186.) There Wiw another place of this name in the tribe of Naphtali. (1 Chron. vi. 76.) 2. Kiiuatii-Arba, the ancient name of Hebron, but still in use in the time of Nehemiah (xi. 25). [Hedron.] 3. KiRjATH-B.VAL. [Kirjath-Jeakim.] 4. Kirjath-Huzoth, or " city of streets," a town of iIoab. (Num. xxii. 39.) 5. Kirjath-Jearlm, or " city of forests," one of the four towns of the Gibeonites (Josh. ix. 17), and not far distant from Beeroth (El-Birek'). (Ezra, ii. 25.) At a later period the ark was brought here from lieth-Shemesh (1 /Sam. vii. 1,2), and remained there till it was removed to Jenisalem (1 Chron. xiii. 6). The place was rebuilt and inhabited after the exile (Ezra, I.e.; Neh. vii. 29). Josephus (Ant. vi. 1. § 4) says that it was near to Beth-Shemesh, and Eusebius and Jerome (Onomast. s.v. Baal- Carathiarim') speak of it, in their day, as a village 9 or 10 ]I. P. from Jerusalem, on the way to Dios- polis (Lydda). Dr. Robinson (Bibl. Pes. vol. ii. pp. 334 — 337) has identified it with the present Kuryet-el- Enab, on the road to Ramleh. The monks have found the Anathoth of Jeremiah (i. 1 ; comp. Hieron. in he. ; Onomast. s. v. ; Josej)h. Ant. X. 7. § 3), which is now represented by the modern 'Andta at Kuryet-el- Enab, but the eccle- siastical tradition is evidently incorrect. There was formerly here a convent of the Mnorites, with a Latin church. The latter remains entirely deserted, but not in ruins ; and is one of the largest and most solidly constructed churches in Palestine. (Ritter, Erdkunde, vol. xvi. pp. 108—110.) 6. Kirjath-Sepher, or " city of the book " (Josh. XV. 15, 1 6 ; Judg. i. 11), also called Kirjatii- Sannah, "city of palms." (Jbs/f.x v. 49.) Afterwards it took the name of Debir (Aa€ip, LXX.), a " word " or " oracle." Debir was captured by Joshua (x. 38), but being afterwards retaken by the Canaanitcs, Caleb gave his daughter Achsa to Othniel, for his
