Page:History of merchant shipping and ancient commerce (Volume 1).djvu/710

Archimedes invents a screw of great power for the launching of Hiero's great ship, p. 67 Argonautic Expedition rather Phœnician than Greek, Introd. p. xxvii, and probably a commercial enterprise in search of gold, p. 4 Aristotle states that the Phœnicians occasionally made their anchors of silver from Spain, p. 9 Ark of Noah, simply a raft of stupendous size, roofed over like a warehouse, Introd. p. xxiii ——, a notice of, recently discovered on Assyrian tablets by Mr. George Smith, Introd. p. xxiv, note

Arrest of Mariners, form for, Append. 11, p. 653 Arrest of Ships, form for, Append. 10, p. 652 Arrian, The Merchant, not the same as the more famous writer of Nicomedia, p. 111, note

——, various details given by, of the chief commodities passing from the East to West, and vice versâ, pp. 111-112 —— describes the voyage of Nearchus, &c., pp. 138-43 —— visits himself the Malabar coast, p. 149 Artemisium, naval engagement off, and defeat of the Persians, p. 73 Athens, its commercial importance and three harbours, the Piræeus, Munychia, and Phalerum, p. 72 ——, fleet of, mainly instrumental in repelling Xerxes, p. 73 Atlantic Ocean, testimony of Edrisi to the dread the ancients had of it, p. 553 Author's views on the arrangement of ancient rowers and on their method of rowing, pp. 281-290 Baalbek, with Tadmor (Palmyra), founded by Solomon to obtain a share of the commerce with Babylon and the East, p. 94 Babylon, admirable position of, as the entrepôt of Eastern commerce, and early manufactories at, of cotton and linen, p. 33 ——, its commerce still of value, as late as Diocletian, A.D. 284, p. 34 Babylon, at the zenith of its greatness under Nebuchadnezzar, p. 97 Babylonia, ancient fertility of, confirmed by the statements of Messrs. Rich and Chesney, p. 32 Barcelona, early Republican Government of, p. 471 Barter, trade by, of Carthaginians with natives of W. Africa, p. 21 ——, the sole medium of caravan trade with the East, according to Ezekiel, p. 96 Barygaza (now Baroach), on the Nerbudda, a great commercial entrepôt for the West, p. 111 Bayeux Tapestry, representation on, of the ships of William the Conqueror, p. 362 Bede, The Venerable, the first writer after departure of the Romans who mentions London, p. 339 Behaim, Martin, invents the astrolabe about A.D. 1480, p. 559 Belgæ, method of caulking ships in use among, as recorded by Pliny, Introd. p. xxix Belzoni, M., discovers remains of ancient stations between Coptos and the Red Sea, p. 102 Berenice, fleets clear out thence eastwards in September for Arabia and Africa; in July for India, p. 102 Birch, Mr. Walter de Gray, publishes in the "Archæologia" a leaden tablet recording the aid given by Venice to Charlemagne at siege of Pavia, A.D. 774, p. 237, note

Birds used in navigation by the Northmen, as, according to Pliny, by the ancient Cinghalese, p. 359

Bitumen exported from Babylonia to Egypt in the time of Thothmes, Introd. p. xxv

Black Sea, nature of the trade of, and of the Sea of Azov, pp. 200, 201

Boats, the earliest, flat-floored and without decks, keel-less barges rather than ships, Introd. pp. xxvii-xxviii

——, Assyrian, on Tigris, &c., represented on the sculptures from Nineveh, pp. 35-39

——, Assyria, resemble in shape those on the mediæval corporate seals, p. 37