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150 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
| PLURAL | ||||
|
moneā´mur | regā´mur | capiā´mur | audiā´mur |
| 2. amē´minī | moneā´minī | regā´minī | capiā´minī | audiā´minī |
| 3. amen´tur | monean´tur | regan´tur | capian´tur | audian´tur |
- a. The present subjunctive is formed from the present stem,
- b. The mood sign of the present subjunctive is -e- in the first conjugation and -a- in the others. It is shortened in the usual places (cf . § 1 2), and takes the place of the final vowel of the stem in the first and third conjugations, but not in the second and fourth.
- c. The personal endings are the same as in the indicative.
- d. In a similar way inflect the present subjunctive of cūrō, iubeō, sūmō, iaciō, muniō.
345. The present subjunctive of the irregular verb sum is inflected as follows:
|
Sing. |
2. sīs |
Plur. |
2. sītis |
The Indicative and Subjunctive Compared.
- The two most important of the finite moods are the indicative and the subjunctive. The indicative deals with facts either real or assumed. If, then, we wish to assert something as a fact or to inquire after a fact, we use the indicative.
- On the other hand, if we wish to express a desire or wish, a purpose, a possibility, an expectation, or some such notion, we must use the subjunctive. The following sentences illustrate the difference between the indicative and the subjunctive ideas.
Indicative Ideas Subjunctive Ideas
| Indicative Ideas | Subjunctive Ideas | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. |
He is brave Fortis est |
1. |
May he be brave Fortis sit (idea of wishing) |
| 2. |
We set out at once Statim proficīscimur |
2. |
Let us set out at once Statim proficīscāmur (idea of willing) |
| 3. |
You hear him every day Cotīdiē eum audīs |
3. |
You can hear him every day Cotīdiē eum audiās (idea of possibility) |
