Sing. Plur. a letter, or ") r nama namajat written communication.) nawishta nawit a fort k'ila k'ilajat These terminations, at, iyai, and jat, are con- sidered vulgar, and are rarely used.
Formation of the Cases.
21. There is only one declension of Persian Nouns; it is extremely simple. The cases are formed as follows :--
(a) The Accusative, by adding را (rā) to the nominative (singular or plural); often the rā is omitted, and the accusative has then the same form as the nominative.
(b) The Dative, by adding rā to the nominative ; and sometimes [omitting rā] by prefixing ba, " to" or " for." The prefix به (ba) is chiefly used when an accusative, requiring rā, occurs in the sentence.
(c) The Vocative, by prefiasing the interjection آي (ai) to the nominative; and sometimes, in poetry [omitting ai] by adding alif, as:--
^r <_^ a * ma > r d, " man!" Uu,.J dosta, " friend !" f*9 j bulbuhl, " O nightingale I"
