336 BAERELIER and with the material it i8 designed to hold. The measure of capacity called barrel bulk is 5 cubic feet. The old English measures were 31 gallons for a barrel of wine, 32 for ale, and 36 for beer ; but by a statute of 1 William and ' Mary the beer and ale barrel was equalized to | 34 gallons. This, however, only created con- j fusion. The dimensions of the barrel in Eng- land are as follows: Gallons. Cubic inches. Winebarrel 81| 7,816$ Ale barrel (London) 82 9,024 Ale and boor barrel (England) 84 9,518 Beer barrel (London) 86 10,182 In the United States the barrel for wine, beer, and cider is 31 J gallons. The lamp-oil barrel of Cincinnati contains 43 gallons. The whiskey barrel usually contains from 40 to 45 gallons. In Maryland, a barrel of corn is equal to 5 I bushels ; a barrel of fish, 220 Ibs. ; a barrel of flour, 196 Ibs.; and of lime, 320 Ibs. BARRELIER, Jacques, a French botanist, born in Paris in 1606, died Sept. 17, 1673. He re- nounced the medical profession to enter the Dominican order. In 1646 he was selected as assistant of the general of the order on one of his tours of inspection, travelled through France, Spain, and Italy, collected numerous specimens of plants, and also founded and superintended a splendid garden in a convent of his order at Rome, where he remained many years. He afterward returned to Paris and entered the convent in the rue St. Honore. He left unfinished a general history of plants, to be entitled Eortus Mundi. The copper- plates of his intended work, and such of his papers as could be found, were collected and made the basis of a book by Antoine de Jus- sieu, Plantce per Galliam, Hupaniam et Ita- lian obiervatce, &c. (folio, Paris, 1714). BARREN, a S. county of Kentucky; area, 500 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,780, of whom 3,623 were colored. Its name comes from the immense thinly timbered tracts it contains, which are technically termed "barrens." It is a moderately fertile region, watered by Bar- ren river and two creeks. The superficial soil rests upon cavernous limestone, and sulphurous and saline springs are abundant. The Louis- ville and Nashville railroad, and its Glasgow branch, traverse the county. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 111,848 bushels of wheat, 603,541 of Indian corn, 179,609 of oats, 247,771 Ibs. of butter, 40,492 of wool, 2,473,939 of to- bacco, and 72 bales of cotton. Capital, Glasgow. BARRETO, Francisco de, a Portuguese gov- ernor of the Indies, died on the banks of the Zambesi river in 1574. Distinguishing himself in the army at home, he was sent to command the fortress of Bassain in India, and was ap- pointed governor in 1555. He sent the poet Camoens into exile at Macao. By order of the Portuguese government he undertook the con- quest of that ill-defined and little known por- tion of Africa called Monomotapa. He set out on this expedition in April, 1569, and BARRETT struck the continent where the Quilimane river runs into the Mozambique channel. HIB am- bition was to penetrate to the mines of Mas- sapa, whence the queen of Sheba was said to have drawn her treasures, and from which a nugget valued at 12,000 cruzadoes had lately excited cupidity in Portugal. In his explora- tions he fell a victim to the climate. BARRETRY (sometimes called barratry), in criminal law, the offence of stirring up suits and quarrels. The person guilty of the offence may be indicted as a common barretor. To sustain the indictment it is necessary that there be proof of not fewer than three distinct acts, and that the suits or quarrels be be- tween other persons. A man may bring any number of suits in his own name without be- ing chargeable with this offence. A similar wrong is the bringing of suits by an attorney in the name of a fictitious plaintiff, which may be treated as a contempt of court. BARRETT, Benjamin Fisk, an American clergy- man and author, born at Dresden, Maine, June 24, 1808. He graduated at Bowdoin college in 1832, and at the divinity school in Cam- bridge in 1838. "While there he became a con- vert to the doctrines taught by Swedenborg. He was pastor of the first New Church society in New York from 1840 to 1848, and of that in Cincinnati from 1848 to 1850. In 1850 he was obliged to leave the pulpit on account of his health, and went to Chicago, where he en- gaged in a mechanical business by which in four years he restored his health, and accu- mulated a fortune. For several years subse- quently he was settled over the first New Church society in Philadelphia. His princi- pal works are: "A Life of Swedenborg," "Lectures on the New Dispensation," "Let- ters on the Divine Trinity," "The Golden Reed," "Catholicity of the New Church," "The Visible Church," "Beauty for Ashes," and "A New View of Hell." He has also published various theological pamphlets and articles in religious magazines. BARRETT, George Morton, an American actor, born at Exeter, England, June 9, 1794, died in New York, Sept. 5, 1860. He arrived at Bos- ton with his mother, an actress of some ce- lebrity, in October, 1796, and made his first appearance the same year in the part of Cora's child in "Pizarro," at the age of two years. He commenced playing in New York in 1806, at the Park theatre, in the part of Young Nor- val. In 1826 he became manager of the Bowery theatre, New York, in company with E. Gil- fert. He afterward visited England, and in 1837 performed at Drury Lane. He was also manager of the Tremont theatre, Boston, and in 1847 opened the Broadway theatre, New j York, then newly erected. In 1855 he retired from the stage. His favorite characters were ! in genteel comedy, but he also acted in farce and low comedy with great success. From his elegance and stateliness, he was known by the
- sobriquet of " Gentleman George."
