BARRIIEAD BARRON 337 BARRHEAD, a manufacturing village of Ren- frewshire, Scotland, on the river Severn, 7 m. S. W. of Glasgow, with which it is connected by railway; pop. about 6,000. It contains cot- ton mills, bleaching and print works, an iron tbundery, and a machine shop, employing in all about 3,000 operatives. BARRIER REEFS, reefs of coral which rise from great depths among the South sea islands, at a distance of several miles from the coast, and extend along in front of it as a barrier against the heavy roll of the sea. The most remarkable of these is the Great Barrier reef off the N. E. coast of Australia. (See AUSTRA- LIA, vol. ii., p. 128.) Other reefs of this nature are met with along the opposite coasts of the islands of Louisiade and New Caledonia, and between are numerous coral islands. BARRIACTOIV. I. John Shnte-Barrlngton, vis- count, an English lawyer and author, born in 1678, died Dec. 14, 1734. In early life he re- ceived by will the estate of John Wildman of Berkshire, not related to him and but slightly acquainted. He added the name of Harrington to Shute on acquiring an estate in Essex by the will of Francis Harrington, distantly re- lated to him by marriage, and was created Viscount Barrington in the Irish peerage in 1720. He was expelled from parliament in 1722 for promoting a fraudulent lottery scheme, and devoted his latter years to theological studies. He published Miscellanea Sacra (2 vols. 8vo, 1725), and other works of repute. II. William Wildman, 2d viscount, son of the preceding, born in 1717, died Feb. 1, 1793. He was secretary at war, chancellor of the ex- chequer, and treasurer of the navy. III. Dalnes, a jurist and naturalist, brother of the preced- ing, born in 1727, died March 11, 1800. In 1757 he was appointed a Welsh judge, and after- ward second justice of Chester. He published in 1766 "Observations on the Statutes, chiefly the more Ancient, from Magna Charta to the 21 James I., c. 27," a work of merit and author- ity; and in 1773 an edition of Orosius, with Alfred's Saxon version and an English trans- lation. Most of his other writings, among which are dissertations on the singing and lan- guage of birds, on the Linnasan system, and on the probability of reaching the north pole, may be found in the publications of the royal and antiquarian societies, of both of which he was a member, and in his " Miscellanies on Various Subjects" (1781). IV. Samnel, a naval officer, brother of the preceding, died Aug. 16, 1800. He was rear admiral of the white, took St. Lucia in the face of a superior force, and distinguished himself at the relief of Gibraltar under Lord Howe. V. Shnte, a prelate, brother of the preceding, born in 1734, died March 27, 1826. He was chaplain to George III., canon of Christ church, of St. Paul's, and of Wind- sor, and bishop successively of LlandafF, Salis- bury, and Durham. Having gained the sum of 60,000 by a lawsuit, he devoted the whole of it to the foundation of charity schools and the relief of poor clergymen. He edited the Mis- cellanea Sacra of his father, prepared for the press the "Political Lite" of his brother Lord Barrington, and furnished valuable notes for a new edition of Bowyer's "Critical Conjec- tures " on the text of the Greek Testament. BARRIBfGTON, Sir Jonah, an Irish lawyer and author, born in Queen's county in 1767, died at Versailles, April 8, 1834. He was called to the Irish bar in 1788, and entered the Irish parliament in 1790, as member for Tuam. His maiden speech as a legislator was directed against Grattan and Curran. A sinecure in the Dublin custom house, worth 1,000 a year, was given to him in 1793, and he was made king's counsel. When the question of the union came up, however, he changed sides, voting against it, and displaying such zeal for the liberals, that in 1803 he was very nearly returned to parliament for the city of Dublin in the popular interest, the first four votes in his favor being those of Grattan, Curran, Pon- sonby, and Plunket. The Irish government tried to silence him by making him judge of the Irish admiralty court, and also knighting him. Between 1809 and 1815, dissatisfied at not having obtained higher preferment, he published the first volume of his " Historic Memoirs of Ireland," comprising secret records of the national convention, the rebellion, and the union, with delineations of the principal characters engaged in these transactions, bring- ing the narrative down to the assertion of in- dependence by the Irish parliament. The gov- ernment dreaded the publication of the con- cluding volume, which he threatened, and, it is said, induced him to abandon it on condition of receiving the full salary of his office while residing in France, where he was obliged to take refuge from his creditors, his duties being performed by a deputy chosen and paid by the government. In 1827 he published two vol- umes of " Personal Sketches of his own Times," and a third volume appeared in 1832. This has been twice republished in the United States with great success. In 1830 he was charged in parliament with appropriating to his own nse funds belonging to suitors in his court. He went to London to plead his cause, but was removed from office. He now pre- pared the second volume of his " Historic Me- moirs." This work was subsequently repro- duced in a cheap form as the " Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation." His sketches are un- trustworthy in their details, but give a good idea of political, literary, and social Irish life during the last 40 years of the last century. BARRON, a N. W. county of Wisconsin, wa- tered by Hay and Vermilion rivers; pop. in 1870, 538. The chief productions in 1870 were 1,665 bushels of wheat, 10,130 of oats, 1,850 of potatoes, and 401 tons of hay. BARRON, James, an American naval officer, born in Virginia in 1768, died April 21, 1851. He served under his father, JAMES BARRON (died 1787), who held the rank of commodora
