HARBAUGH erned as an independent sovereignty by an emir, who rules despotically, and seeks to hide his Galla extraction by claiming descent from the caliph Abubekr. The only white man known to have visited the place is the English traveller Richard F. Burton, who penetrated thither in 1855, and who described it in his " First Footsteps in East Africa, or an Explo- ration of Harar " (London, 1856). HARBAUGH, Henry, an American clergyman, born near Waynesborough, Pa., Oct. 28, 1817, died at Mercersburg, Pa., Dec. 28, 1867. In his youth he worked successively as a farmer, carpenter, miller, and teacher. In 1840 he en- tered Marshall college, Mercersburg, afterward studied theology, and in 1843 became pastor of a German Reformed church in Lewisburg, in L850 in Lancaster, and in 1860 in Lebanon, Pa. 1864 he was appointed professor of theology the theological seminary of Mercersburg. [e was known as an exponent of the so-called [ercersburg school of theology. In 1850 he iginated the " Guardian," a monthly maga- ine, which he continued to edit till the end of when he became editor of the " Mercers- >urg Review." His principal works are: " Heaven, or an Earnest and Scriptural In- quiry into the Abode of the Sainted Dead " (1848); "The Heavenly Recognition" (1851); The Heavenly Home" (1853); "The Birds )f the Bible" (1854); "The Fathers of the 3rman Reformed Church" (3 vols., 1857- J) ; " The True Glory of Woman " (1858) ;
- Plea for the Lord's Portion of a Christian's
Wealth " (1858) ; "Poems" (1860); "Christo- logical Theology " (1864) ; Das alt Schulham, a poem in the dialect of the Pennsylvania Ger- mans ; and ffarfe, Gfedichte in Pennsylvanisch- Deutscher Mundart (1870). Nearly all his works have passed through many editions. HARBOR GRACE, a town and port of entry of Newfoundland, capital of a district of the same name, and the second town in population and importance in the colony, situated in the S. E. part of the island, on an inlet of the W. shore of Conception bay, 30 m. W. N. W. of St. John's ; pop. in 1869, 6,770. It presents a handsome appearance from the harbor. The mncipal public building is the Roman Catho- cathedral, the dome of which is a promi- lent object upon entering the port ; the inte- rior is profusely decorated. The circuit court holds, two sessions here annually, and a local court sits daily. The town contains several ho- sls, a grammar school and several elementary schools, a telegraph office, 'and a weekly news- paper. The harbor, which is about 5 m. in extent, is mostly exposed to the sea, but the portion where the wharves are built is sheltered by a beach, and is secure in all weathers. The cod and seal fisheries and commerce in their products are the principal business. The chief exports in 1872 were 72,508 quintals of cod- fish, 85,282 seal skins, 144,900 gallons of cod oil, 297,108 of seal oil, and 12,949 bbls. of her- ings. HARDEMAN 451 HARBFRG, a town of Prussia, in the province of Hanover, on the Elbe, 6 m. S. of Hamburg ; pop. in 1871, 16,506. It has glass works, su- gar refineries, and manufactories of tobacco, sail cloth, and chemicals. The Elbe is now navigable for ocean vessels up to Harburg, and the rapid growth of the town is chiefly due to the development of its maritime trade. There is a newly built fort and large wharves. A railway connects the town with Hanover, and steamers ply between it and Hamburg. HARCOURT, Sir William George Granyille Vcrnon, an English lawyer, born Oct. 14, 1827. He graduated at Cambridge in 1851, was called to the bar in 1854, became queen's counsel in 1866, and professor of international law at Cambridge in 1869. In 1868 he was returned to parliament for the city of Oxford, and in November, 1873, became solicitor general and was knighted, going out of office with the Gladstone ministry in February, 1874. He has contributed to periodical literature, but as a writer is chiefly known by essays on the civil war in America and international law, pub- lished in the London " Times" under the sig- nature of " Historicus." HARDEE, Wffliam J., an American soldier, born in Savannah, Ga., in 1818, died at Wythe- ville, Va., Nov. 6, 1873. He graduated at West Point in 1838, served during the Florida war, and in the war with Mexico was brevetted lieutenant colonel for gallant and meritorious conduct. He was on frontier duty till 1856, when he became commandant of cadets and instructor in tactics at West Point, and in 1860 was appointed lieutenant colonel of cavalry. He resigned Jan. 31, 1861, and entered the confederate service as brigadier general. He took part in the battles of Shiloh, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, and Chattanooga, commanded at Savannah and Charleston at the time of their occupation by the Union forces, and afterward surrendered in North Carolina, with the remainder of Johnston's army. He aided in compiling "Rifle and Light Infantry Tactics," mainly translated from the French by Lieut. Benet, which was adopted in 1855 for the use of the army and militia. HARDEMAN. I. A N. W. county of Texas, sep- arated from the Indian territory on the N. E. by the S. fork of Red river, and intersected by Pease river ; area, 1,650 sq. m. ; still unsettled. The surface is generally very broken, with high hills and narrow intervening valleys. The wa- ter, being impregnated with gypsum, is unpal- atable. The county is better adapted for stock raising than for agriculture. II. A S. W. coun- ty of Tennessee, bordering on Mississippi, and traversed by Hatchie river; area, about 550 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 18,074, of whom 6,854 were colored. It has a generally level surface and a fertile soil. The Hatchie river is navi- gable at high water from its mouth in the Mis- sissippi to this county, which is crossed by the Mississippi Central and the Memphis and Charleston railroads. The chief productions in
