450 HARAFORAS HARAR last as late as 1802. One of the counts of Hapsbnrg, Geffery (Gottfried), settled in Eng- land in the 13th century, served Henry III. in his wars, and assumed the surname of Feild- ing from the county of Rinfilding (Rheinfelden) in Aargau, then belonging to Germany. He became the progenitor of the Denbigh family, and among the titles of the present earl of Denbigh are those of Viscount and Baron Feilding and count of Hapsburg-Laffenburg and Rheinfelden in Germany. Henry Field- ing, the novelist, was a member of this family. HARAFORAS, or Alfoera, a savage people liv- ing in Celebes, the Molucca islands, and the in- terior of Papua. In general appearance they resemble the Malays, but are darker in color, with hair not straight like that of the Malays, nor woolly like that of the Papuans, but crisp. Their clothing is a strip of the inner bark of a tree, beaten with stones until it becomes white, and appears like rough white paper. Each warrior is armed with a parang or cleaver, which he carries in his right hand, while on his left arm he bears a shield 3 or 4 ft. long, but only 4 or 5 in. wide. The most remarkable characteristic of this people is their head-hunt- ing. Every young man must cut off at least one human head before he can marry. The head of a child will do; that of a woman is better; a man's still better; while a white man's head is the most glorious trophy. In one of their villages were found three times as many skulls as the whole population. The Haraforas of Booro live not in villages, but scattered over their whole territory. Their houses consist of little more than a roof of palm leaves resting on four poles, with a kind of platform a foot or two above the ground, where they sit and sleep. Some of them ac- knowledge a Mohammedan rajah as their su- perior. It is said that they believe in one su- preme being, who sent men a teacher, who left precepts of morality, taught the immortality of the soul, instituted circumcision, and finally ascended to heaven. Wallace thinks that the Harafpras are a distinct race from the Malays, and kindred to the Papuans, between whom and the Malays they form the boundary line. In Ceram they are the predominant type. HARALSON, a N. W. county of Georgia, bor- dering on Alabama, and watered by the Talla- poosa river; area, about 325 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 4,004, of whom 319 were colored. The surface is hilly or undulating. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 17, 780 bushels of wheat, 86,352 of Indian corn, 7,209 of oats, 6,772 of sweet potatoes, 49,947 Ibs. of butter, and 308 bales of cotton. There were 354 horses, 900 milch cows, 1,411 other cattle, 1,992 sheep, and 5,456 swine. Capital, Buchanan. IIARAR, Ilorrar, or Adari, a small country, with an important town of the same name, in E. Africa, lat. 9 20' N., Ion. 42 17' E., 165 m. S. S. W. of Zeylah on the gulf of Aden ; pop. estimated at 8,000. The town is situated on a gentle slope about 5,500 ft. above the sea. On the east are cultivated fields ; the W. ridge is laid out in orchards ; the N. side is covered with tombs ; and on the south is a low valley traversed by a mountain torrent. It is sur- rounded by a wall of stone and mud, about 12 ft. high and 3 ft. thick, and kept in good repair. The wall has five gates flanked by oval towers, and encloses an area about a mile long and half a mile broad. The streets are narrow winding lanes, in many places nearly choked up with rubbish. The houses are generally built of rough stone cemented with clay, and whitewashed. The emir and the principal in- habitants have houses of two stories, with flat roofs, and openings high up for windows. These houses stand at the end of large court- yards, which are entered through gates of hol- cus stalks. There are numerous gambisa, bell- shaped thatched cottages, for the poorer classes. The principal buildings are mosques, the finest being the jami, or chief mosque, which was built by Turkish architects. The town is sup- plied with water from numerous springs in its vicinity. The inhabitants are a distinct race, and speak a dialect which is heard nowhere else. They are rigid Mohammedans, and en- force a law which forbids a white man to enter the town. The features of the men are coarse; many squint ; others are disfigured by small- pox, scrofula, and other diseases. The women are nearly as ill-looking as the men. There is a proverb current in eastern Africa, " Hard as the heart of Harar." High and low indulge freely in intoxicating drinks. The principal occupation of the people is tilling the soil, which for several miles around is highly culti- vated, producing coffee, wheat, jowari, barley, and a variety of fruits and vegetables. The Icaat, a small plant of an intoxicating quality, is very abundant. Coffee is the most impor- tant article produced, and large quantities of it are annually exported. Other exports are slaves, ivory, tobacco, wars (safflower, or bas- tard saffron), tobes and woven cottons, holcus, wheat, Icaranji (a kind of bread), ghee, honey, gums, tallow, and mules. The hand-woven tobes form an important branch of native in- dustry, and are considered equal to the cele- brated cloths of Shoa. The tobe consists of a double length of eleven cubits by two in breadth, with a border of bright scarlet, and the average value of one in the city itself is about $8. It is made of the long fine-stapled cotton which grows upon the hills, and is soft as silk, and warm enough for winter wear. The thread is spun by women with two wooden pins ; the loom is worked by both sexes. The lances made in Harar are held in high estima- tion. Caravans arrive at all seasons. The principal are those which pass between Harar and Berbera and Zeylah, which may be con- sidered as the ports of Harar. The March caravan is the largest, and usually consists of 2,000 camels. As of old, Harar is still the great half-way house for slaves from Zangaro, Gurague, and the Galla tribes. Harar is gov-
