HAYNE discussed with great ability in the British par- liament, and while both Rawdon and Balfour justified it, each was solicitous to attribute it to the agency of the other. Lord Rawdon (earl of Moira) published a justification of his conduct, which was analyzed and criticised by Robert Y. Hayne in the " Southern Review " for February, 1828. HAYNE, Paul Hamilton, an American poet, born in Charleston, S. C., Jan. 1, 1831. He was educated in Charleston, and became a fre- quent contributor to the "Southern Literary Messenger" and other periodicals. He was for a time editor of the Charleston " Literary Gazette," was connected with the Charleston u Evening News," and was from its beginning (1857) a principal editor of "Russell's Maga- zine," published in Charleston. He published a volume of poems in Boston in 1854, and another in New York in 1857. These collec- tions consist chiefly of brief poems, sonnets, and lyrics, "The Temptation of Venus, a Monkish Legend," being the longest. A third volume, entitled "Avolio, and other Poems," was published in 1859. Since then he has been a frequent contributor to periodicals, mainly of short poems. In 1873 he edited the poems of Henry Timrod, and in the same year published in Philadelphia a fourth volume of his poems under the title of " Legends and Lyrics." Since the close of the civil war he has resided in Georgia, near Augusta. HAYNE, Robert Young, an American states- man, born in St. Paul's parish, Colleton dis- trict, S. C., Nov. 10, 1791, died in Asheville, N. C., in September, 1840. He was educated in Charleston, and was admitted to the bar before he was 21 years old. At the beginning of the war of 1812 he served in the 3d regi- ment of South Carolina troops, and then re- sumed practice in Charleston. In 1814 he was chosen a member of the state legisla- ture, and after serving two terms he was elected speaker of the house, and then attor- ney general of the state. In 1823 he was cho- sen a senator of the United States. In the debates on the question of protection to Amer- ican manufactures Mr. Hayne took a leading part, and in every stage of the discussion he was an uncompromising opponent of the pro- tective system. When the tariff bill of 1824 came before the senate, he made in opposition to it an elaborate and powerful speech, in which for the first time the ground was ta- ken that congress had not the constitutional right to impose duties on imports for the pur- pose of protecting domestic manufactures. He was equally strenuous in his opposition to the tariff of 1828, which roused in South Carolina the spirit of resistance that came to a crisis in 1832. In that year Mr. Clay proposed a reso- lution in the senate declaring the expediency of repealing forthwith the duties on all im- ported articles which did not come into compe- tition with domestic manufactures. Mr. Hayne denounced this proposition, and submitted an HAYNES 547 amendment to the effect that all the existing duties should be so reduced as simply to afford the revenues necessary to defray the actual ex- penses of the government. He supported this amendment in one of his ablest speeches, but it was rejected, and the principles of Mr. Clay's resolution were embodied in a bill which passed both houses and received the sanction of the president. Mr. Hayne on this occasion was the first to declare and defend in congress the right of a state, under the federal compact, to arrest the operation of a law which she con- sidered unconstitutional. This doctrine led to the celebrated debate between Mr. Webster and himself. In consequence of the passing of the tariff bill the legislature 'of South Carolina called a state convention, which met at Co- lumbia, Nov. 24, 1832, and adopted an ordi- nance of nullification. In the following De- cember Mr. Hayne was elected governor of the state, while Mr. Calhoun, resigning the vice presidency of the United States, succeeded to his place in the senate. On Dec. 10 President Jackson issued his proclamation denouncing the nullification acts of South Carolina. The governor replied with a proclamation of de- fiance, and South Carolina- prepared for armed resistance. But congress receded from its position on the protective question, the tariff was for the time satisfactorily modified, and South Carolina in another convention, of which Gov. Hayne was president, repealed her ordi- nance of nullification. In December, 1834, he retired from the office of governor, and was soon after elected mayor of Charleston. He was attending a railroad convention at Ashe- ville when he contracted a fever and died. HAYNES, John, governor of Massachusetts, and afterward of Connecticut, born in Essex, England, died in 1654. He came with Hooker's company to Boston in 1633, and soon after was chosen assistant, and in 1635 governor of Mas- sachusetts. In 1636 he removed to Connecti- cut, and in 1639 was chosen its first governor, and every alternate year afterward, which was as often as the constitution permitted, till, his death. He was one of the five who in 1638-'9 drew up a written constitution for the colony, which was the first ever formed in America, and which embodies the main points of all our subsequent state constitutions, and of the fed- eral constitution; HAYNES, Lemuel, an American clergyman, born in West Hartford, Conn., July 18, 1753, died in Granville, N. Y., Sept. 28, 1834. His father was black and his mother white. The latter abandoned her offspring, who at the age of five was bound out as a servant in a family at Granville, Mass., where he was educated as one of the children. In 1775 he joined the revolutionary army at Roxbury ; in 1776 was a volunteer in the expedition to Ticonderoga ; after which he returned to Granville and be- came a farmer. Between this time and 1780 he studied Latin and Greek, and devoted much attention to theology. In 1780 he received
