DOUCET. 408 DOUGLAS. 188!), and the decoration of the Legion of Honor in ISOI. DOUCHE, dwsh. See Bath ; Hydrotiierapv. DOUGALL, ano'gal. Lily (1858—). A Cana- dian novi-liat, born in Montreal. She completed her education at the universities of Edinburgh and Saint .Vndrews, anil passed much of her time at Melbourne, in Derbyshire, Enghind. Ibe scope of lier work extends from Canadian themes to a portrait of the new woman. Among her jKipuUir novels are: licijgurs All (ISiU); U7i(i( .Scccsxihi Knows (1893) ; The Mermaid (1895) ; The Madonna of a Day (1890) ; A Dozen Ways of Love (1897); and The Mormon Prophet (1899). DOUGHFACE. A contemptuous nickname a|ii>licd before the Civil War to any Northern man who was accused of truckling to the shive power. Lowell expUvins the term in his glossary to the liiiilon- i'li/icvs as meaning "a contented lickspittle, a common variety of Xorlhcrn politi- cians," and makes his 'pious editor' say: For any otfice, Bniall or gret, I couldn't ax with no face,
- uthout I'd ben. thru dry an' wet
Th' unrizzest kind o' douchtace." iroT-its, via. 102. The terra was probably first used in this con- nection by .John Randolph of Koanoke. who, in 1820, referred to the eighteen Northern Congress- men who had supported the Missouri Compromise as 'Northern doughfaces.' DOUGHTY, do'tl, or dou'tl, Charles Mon- tagu (1843 — ). An English explorer. He was born at Theberton Hall, SulTolk, and was edu- cated at Cambridge. During a sojourn of two years in Arabia he made a valuable study of the geograpliy, arcli.Tok)gy, and ethnography of the country, the results of whieli were after- wards embodied in the work entitled Travels in Artibiii Drsrrta (1888). DOUGHTY, Thomas (1703-185G). An Ameri- can landscape painter. Iinrn in Phihidclphia, Pa. He had liardlj- any instruction in art, though he studied for a time in London and Paris, and at- tracted favorable attention abroad. His works now possess little except an historic interest, but it must not be forgotten that landscape painting was then in its infancy in this country, and Doughty was one of the first to show an ap- preciation of its possibilities. The colors in his pictures are never crude, and he has a delicacy of tone rare in his day. The Edinburgh Mu- seum has "A View of "the Schuylkill" by him, and there are five works of his in the Pennsyl- vania Ai:ilemy of Vine Arts in Philadelphia. DOUGLAS, dfig'las (Ir. Duhh-<ihlaise, black stream). The cajjital and principal seaport of the Isle of Man, situated on the margin of a highly pi(turesf|ue bay on the east side of the island (Map: England, B 2), It has become an important watering-place. Tlic old town, standing on the southwestern edge of the bay, has narrow, tortuous streets, and presents a vivid contrast to the handsome modern ter- races and villas which occupy the rising ground beytmd. A handsome promenade skirts the edge of the bay. The tower of refnire, a pic- turesque object, occupies a dangerous rock, in the southern area of the hay, calleil Conister, and was erected in 1833 for the safety of ship- ■wrecked mariners. Douglas was incorporated in 1895. and since that date much has been done by the authorities to promote the prosperity of the town. The water-supply has been municipal- ized : many iniprovi'uu'nls in streets, promenades, etc., have been carried out: new numicipal build- ings !uid artisans' dwellings have been erected. The town maintains a public library, nnirkcts, and slaughter-houses. Douglas is the principal packet station of the island and is in steam- ship conununieation with Liverpool, Belfast, Dublin, and (.ilasgow. Population, in 1900. about 2:!.00(l. DOUGLAS, Family of. A family of great ]U'omineMee in the history of Scotland. The leg- end of the sixteenth or seventeenth century, at- tributing its rise to the bravery of Sholto Dimglas in 770, is impossible from the details <if the legend itself. Nor can any coiuiection be traced, as Chalmers supposed there could be, between the Douglases and the Kleming Theobald, who held the lands on Douglas water from 1147 to 1104. >'ili.iam of DoiGi-AS a|)pears as a witness of charters in 1175 and 1213. He was doubt- less so callcil from the vale of Douglas, in Lan- ark, which he liehl. His son Bruce was made Bishop of .Murray in 1203. Siit .Vkciiihald or Ehkkxhald of Dot (iLAS, who appears in charters between 1190 an<l 1232, was the first of the family to attain the rank of knighthood. Besides the family inheritance, he held land under the monks of Dunfermline and the Earl of Fife, and in Clydesdale tlirough his wife, one of the heir- esses of Sir .lolni Crawford. His son. Sin Wil- liam, figures in charters from 1240 to 1273, and appears in 1255 as a Scottish partisan of Henry 111. of England in the baronial wars, and was granted the manor of Faudon in Northumber- land by the future Edward I. His son. Sir HvGii, died in 1287, and was succeeded by his brother, Wii.lia.m the Hardy, as he is called in family traditions, a daring and restless man. He was the first man of inlluence to join Wallace in his rising against the F.iiglish, but soon deserted him. sidimitting to his idd patron. King Edward 1.. to wlumi he had again and again sworn fealty. He was .sent prisoner to the Tower of London, where he died in 1298. It ajjpears that he possessed lands in one English and in seven Scottish counties — Nortlnnnberland. Ber- wick, ICdinburgh, Fife. Lanark, .yr, Dumfries, and Wigton. The historj' of his son, the Good Sir .Iames of Doic.LAS, is familiar to every one. as Brnce's greatest captain in the long War of the Succes- sion. The hero of seventy fights, he is said to have won them all but thirteen, leaving the name of the 'Black Douglas' — so he was called from his swarthy complexion — as a word of fear by which English mothers stilled their children. He was slain in .Andalusia, in 1330, on his way to the Holy Land with the heart of his royal master, and was succeeded by his son. William. l.oRii of DoroLAS. who was slain at Halidon in 1333. Slit AmniiiAT.n L. Dot'Oi.AS ( 1'290.1333). n younger brother of the Good Sir .lames, was a prominent Scottish leader during the minority of David II. In 1332 he surprised and defeated Ed- ward de Baliol, the rival claimant of the throne. He was made Kegent of Seotlaml in 1333. and in the same year invaded England, but was defeated and slainat Halidon. In 13.57 Sin William of Doi'OLA.s, son of the Bcgent of Scotland, who had
