DV PLESSIS-MORNAY. 532 DUPONT DE NEMOTJRS. of his controversial treatises, and met and routed him in a public disputation. Du Plessis was de- prived of liis office at the time of the Huguenot rising of 1021, and died in retirement on his estate of La ForOt-sur-S^vre two years later. Consult his Mimoin's et correspoiidaiice, repub- lished in 12 vohnnes (Paris. 1824-25): also Ambert, Du FIcssis-Monwi/ (Paris, 1847). DUPLICATION OF THE CUBE. See Cube. DUPLOYE, di.rphvliya'. Emile (1833— ). A French stenofrraplicr. bora al Notre Dame do Liesse (Aisne). He was for a time an ahW', but afterwards became knoun as the inventor of a skillful and widely used system of stenography. With his brother Gustave! he published a text- book in exposition of this method (4th ed. 1867). Consult the article by Meyer in No. 436 of the Archiv fiir Stenographie (Berlin, 1885). • DUPONCEAU, dy'puxso'. Pierre Etienne (1700-1844). A French-American writer and scholar. He was born in France, studied law at the coUejie at Brcssuire, and l)e(ame secretary to Baron Steuben. wi"tli wlioui in 1777 he came to America and entered the Continental army, in which he was commissioned a captain, serving with Steuben in the Xew Jersey and Pennsyl- vania canii)aigns and in the South. He left the army in 1781 and became a translator and corre- spondent in the office of the Sccretaiy for For- eign Affairs. Robert 1!. Livingston. He_ re- mained in that position until iho close of the war, when he settled in Philadeliihia, where he beyan tlu' practice of law in 1785, and attained liisih rank as an advocate. After the purchase of'^Louisiana, President Jefferson offered him the appointment of Chief Justice of the Territory, but he declined. In addition to original legal treatises and translations of French and German legal works, Duponceau devoted himself to philology. Among his published works are Eng- lish Phonology (1818); Ex/iosition soiniimirc iJe la constitution des Etats-Unis d'Amrrifiue (1837); Mcmoire sur le systime gninimatical des languugcs de quelques nations indiennes dc VAmiriquc' du Xord (1838). which won for him a medal from the French Institute; and Dis- sertation on the Nature and Character of the Chinese flystem of ^yriling (1838). DUPONT, dn'poN', PierBE (1821-70). A French song-writer. He was born in Lyons, the son of a w orkman : was brought uj) by his cousin, who was priest of Roche TaillJ'rc-sur-Saone: stud- ied in the seminary of Largenti^res. and after- wards passed a short time in a lawyer's office. His poem Les deux anges was printed in 1842, and won a prize in the Academy. Dupont after- wards wrote some republican verses that came near causing his banishment. He owes his popu- larity to the songs written for the peasants, such as IjCS hwufs, Les lapins. and Le chanson du pain. DU PONT, S.vmuei, Fr.^ncis (1803-65). A United States naval officer. He was born at Ber- gen Point, N. J.; entered the navy as midshipman in 1815. and subsequently served in varioiis capacities and on various vessels iintil 1842. when he was raised to the rank of commander. In the Mexican War. as commander of the Cyane. he captured San Diego and La Paz. California ; served under Conunodore Shubrick in the capture of Mazallan: and, at the head of a naval force, defeated a large body of Jlexicans at San Jose. In 1855 he was promoted to be cap- tain, and in Dcceinl)er. 18(>0. was placed in com- mand of the Pbiladelpliia Navy Yard. In June. 1861. he became president of a board of naval officers appointed to fornnilale a plan of naval operations against the Confederates, and in Sep- tember was inade a llagollicer. He was in chief command of the expedition which left Norfolk, Va., early in October, and in a series of brilliant operations captured Port Royal, S. C, Saint Mary's. Fernandina, Jacksonville, Fort Clincli, and Saint .Xugustine. Fla.. besides establishing fourteen blockading stations. For this he re- ceived the thanks of Congress and was raised to the rank of rear-admiral, his commission dating from July 16, 1S02. On Ajjril 7, 1863, as com- mander of nine armorcil vessels, he made a de- termined attack upon Charleston, S. C, but was repulsed with consideralde loss. Admiral Du ■Pont was relieved by Admiral Dahlgren in July of that year, and took no further part in the war. For a partial account of his services during the Civil War. consult Ammen, The Atlantic Coast (New V.irk. 188:! i. DUPONT DE L'ETANG, du'pox' de Ift'taN'. Pierre, Count (1765-1840). A French general. He participated in the overthrow of the Direc- tory and served with great distinction at Ma- rengo. .Jena, and Friedland. but his unsuccessful expedition to Spain in 1808. where he was com- pelled to surrender his anny, brought about his disgrace and imprisonment. After Napole(m"s downfall he was ^Minister of War during the Hundred Days, and during the second restoration became a member of the I'rivy Council. DUPONT DE L'EUBE, dc ler. Jacques Charles (1767-1855). A French statesman, born at Neubourg, Nornuindy. He was an advocate be- fore the Parliament of Normandy in 178!). and held various iudicial offices during the Revolu- tion. He entered political life as a member of the Council of Five Hundred in 1798. lie was chosen a Deputy from the Kure to the Corps Legislatif in 1813. and in the following year was elected to the Chanil)er of Deputies, by which he was chosen Vice-President. Reelected in 1815. he was the author of the famous declaration of the Cliamber to the Allies, that France would recognize no government that would not gmir- antee to it the liberties which had been estab- lished by the Revolution. From 1817 to 1848 he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies, acting consistently with the Liberal opjxisition. In 1830 for a few months be held the portfolio of Justice in the first Caliinet of Louis Philippe. After his resignation lie continued as a leader of the opposition until the Revolution of 1848. when he was chosen President of the Provisional Government. He retired to private life in the following .vear. In all his long career his probity and disinterestedness were never questioned, and his sterling honesty and consistent advocacy of constitutional liberty won for hiin the title of the 'Aristides of the French tribune.' DUPONT DE NEMOURS. diipSN' dc nc- mrrrir', Pierre Samuel ( 173!I1817). A French statesman and writer on finance, and an ex- ponent of the theories of the physiocrats (q.v.). He was born and ediicated in Paris. In 1772 he was secretarv of the Council of Public Instruc-
