HENDERSON. 755 HENDERSON. living of Leuchars (1U14) by Archbishop Glad- btaiK'S, where he was for a time unpopular; but as he eluinged his views he became one of the most iuliuential ministers of Scotland. In 1039 he was transferred to Edinburgli. He took an active part against Episcopal innovations, and was mainly responsible for the 'National Cove- nant.' which was publicly signed in Grey Friars Church, Edinburgh, 1G38. During the troubled times of Charles I.'s reign Henderson's inlluenec was felt in the negotiations for peace between the Scottish ecclesiastics and the Court, and when Charles visited Scotland in state (1G41) Henderson attended him as chaplain, and later oii went to Oxford to mediate between the King and Parliament. In 1(!43 Henderson was elected moderator for the tliird time in the Civneral As- sembly at Edinburgh, and in that capacity pre- sented a draught of tlie famous "Solenui League and Covenant,' an instrument against prelacy which was generally accepted by the Puritans. With Baillie, Rutherford, and others, Henderson repre- sented Scotland in the Westminster Assembly, when the "Solemn League,' with slight modifica- tions, passed both Houses and Iiecame law for the two kingdoms. When in 1040 the King joined the Scottish army and retired with it to New- castle, he sent for Henderson, and discussed the systems of Church govermnent in a number of papers. Henderson died at Edinburgh. August 19, 1646, and his death was the occasion of a national mourning in Scotland. For his life, consult Alton (Edinburgh, 1836). HENDERSON, Amdrew (clVOo-TS). A Scot- tish maker and seller of books. He was born in Roxburghshire, and was educated at Aberdeen and in Edinburgh, where he afterwards was a high-school teacher, as well as a tutor in private noble families. He was in London when his first book was published, a translation of Vol- taire's Ciuirles A'//, nf Sweden (1734), but was back in his native land in time to witness the .Jacobite uprising, and to describe it in .1 History of the Rebellion. 11 ',5 and JT'/O" (1748). He be- gan his bookselling at Longacre, London, but con- tinued to produce such histories as : Frederick, Kinq of Siveden (1752) : William the Conqueror (1764) ; memoirs: Dr. Archibald Cameron (1753); Field-}farshal Leopold. Count Daun (a French translation, 1757): and Field-Marshal James Keith (1758) : as well as certain disputa- tious writing directed against the Bishop of Ches- ter and Dr. Samuel .Tohnson, with a side thrust at Smollett. But his best book is said to be The Life of William Augustas, Duke of Cumber- land (1700). HENDERSON, Charles Hanford (1861 — ). An American educator, born in Philadelphia, and educated at the I'nivcrsity of Pennsylvania and in Zurich. For two years (1883-85) he was lec- turer at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, and then, after two years of editorial work, was appointed principal of the Philadelphia Jtanual Training High School (1892-96). In 1898 and 1899 he directed the Pratt Institute High School in Brooklyn. His publications include The Ele- nirnis of Phi/sirs (1900), and many essays upon educational and social subjects. HENDERSON, Ch.ri.er Richmond (1848 — ) . .
American sociologist, born in Covington,
Ind. He graduated at the University of Chicago in 1870, and received the degree of S.T.B. at Union Theological Seminary in 1873. From 1873 to 1883 he was pastor at Tcrrc Haute, and from 1883 to 1892 at Detroit. In 1892 ho was elected assist- ant professor of sociology at Chicago University, and afterwards was advanced to the full pro- fessorship. His principal works are: .In Intro- duction to the Study of the Dependent. Defective, and Delinquent Classes (1898) ; Social Elements (1898); Social Setllemrnts (1899). His discus- sions are practical ratlicr tlian theoretical; and Ids works are characterized by a tone of healthy optimism. HENDERSON, D.viD Bremner (1840—). An American statesman, born at Old Deer, Aber- deenshire, Scotland. He went to Illinois in 1S40, to Iowa in 1349, graduated at Upper Iowa University (Fayette, Iowa), studied law in an oifice at Dubuque, and was admitted to the bar in 1805. In ISOl he enlisted as a jirivate in the Twelfth Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry, was elected and commissioned first lieutenant of Com- pany C, and served initil discharged, February 26, "l863, owinsj to the loss of a leg at the battle of Corinth, F^rom May, 1803, to .June, 1804, he was commissioner of tlie board of enrollment of the Third Iowa District, and tlien reentered the armj- as colonel of the Forty-sixth Iowa Volun- teer Infantry, in which rank he served to the close of the war. From 1805 until his resigna- tion in 1809 he was collector of internal revenue for the Third Iowa District, in 1809 began to practice law as member of si Dubucpie firm, and in 1869-71 w^as Assistant United States District Attorney for the Northern Division of the Dis- trict of Iowa. He was elected to the Federal House of Representatives in 1882, as a Republic- an from the Third Iowa District, was chairman of the Committee on Judiciary, and a member of the Committee on Rules in the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses, and in 1899, at the organ- ization of the Fifty-sixth Congress, was elected to succeed T. B. Reed, resigned, as Speaker of the House. He was also chairman of the Iowa delegation at three national Republican conven- tions. In Congress he acquired reputation for his skill in debate, and the wise conduct of his important legislative oflSce. HENDERSON, Ebenezer (1784-1858). A Scotch missionary and linguist. He was bom of poor and humble parents in Fifeshire. Novem- ber 17, 1784. He worked as a clockmaker and shoemaker, but in 1803 entered Robert Haldane's seminary in Edinburgh and studied theolog;^^ He planned in 1805 to accompany the Rev. John Pat- erson to India: l)ut as this did not jirove practi- cable, he located at Elsinore, Denmark, and de- voted himself to the distribution of Bibles in the Scandinavian countries. In the eotirse of his labors he visited Sweden and Lapland, Iceland, Denmark, and Germany. In 1818 he accompanied Dr. Paterson through Russia as far as Tiflis, and until 1825, when the Russo-Greek Church induced the Czar to interdict the Bible Society, he resided at Saint Petersburg. Returning home, he was appointed tutor of the Mission College, Gosport. and from 1830 till 1850 was professor of Oriental languages in Highbury Congrega- tional College. He died at iMortlake. May Ifi, 1858. His linguistic attainments were very great; he made himself acquainted not only with the ordinary languages of scholarship, but also with Hebrew, Syriac, Ethiopian, Russian, Arabic,
