JOHNSON. 258 JOHNSON. where slie jiublished a collection of poems under the title The While Waiiipiini. The volume {jaincd wide attention because of the author's Indian blood and fresh passionate themes. JOHNSON, Guy (c.1740-88). An English suldier. He was born in Ireland and saw service during the French and Indian War, first with tlie American provincials and later as a cavalry commander under General Amherst. lie suc- ceeded his uncle, Sir William Johnson, as Super- intendent of Indian All'airs at the latter's death in 1774. At the outbreak of the Revolution his estates in central Xew York were confiscated by the Americans and he was obliged to flee to Canada. There he interested himself in inciting the Indians to attack the colonists. In 17S.3 he was dismissed from the service, and five years later died in poverty in London. JOHNSON, Herman Merrills (181.5-08). An American educator. He was born at Butter- nuts, Otsego County, Is. Y., was educated at Wes- leyan University, where he gradtiated in 1839, and entered the ilethodist ministry in 1845. He was professor of ancient languages at St. Charles College, Jlissouri, from IS.'il) to 1842, when he was called to a similar position at Augusta Col- lege, Kentucky. In 1844 he became a i)rofessor in Ohio Wesleyan University and remained there for six years. He accepted the professorship of philosophy and English literature in Dickinson College in 1850, and in 18G0 became its president. Dr. Johnspn was a contributor to the Mrthndist Quarlrrh/ Rcrieic, but is best known by his edi- tion of the Clio of Herodotus (1850) and his Oririildliu Aiitifjuaria Ilerodoti. JOHNSON, Herrick ( 1832— ) . An American Presbyterian clcrgA'man and educator. He was born near Fonda, X. Y'., and graduated at Hamil- ton College in 1857, and at Avil)urn Tlieological Seminary in 1860. He was associated with Dr. Beman in the pastorate of the First Presbyterian Church, Troy; held charges at Pittsburg, Phila- delphia, and Chicago ; was professor of sacred rhetoric and pastoral theologv at Auburn Theo- logical Seminary (1874-SO), and after 1883 was professor of sacred rhetoric in the Presbyterian Theological Seminary of the Xorthwest, better known as McCormiek Seminary. He was mod- erator of the General Assemblv of the Presby- terian CTiurch at Springfield, 111., in 1882. His publications include: Christ ianiti/'s ChaUcnqe (1881) : Plain Talks Ahmit the Theater (1882) ; Itevirals (1883) ; and Forms (1889). JOHNSON, Herschel Ve.spasian (1812-80). An American jurist and political leader, born in Burke County, Ga. He graduated at the Uni- versity of Georgia in 1834, studied law and prac- ticed at Augusta, and finally settled at Milledge- ville in 1844. In 1843 he was nominated for Congress, but was defeated, and in the campaign of 1844 was a Presidential elector. In 1848 he was appointed by the Governor to the seat in the United States Senate made vacant by the resigna- tion of W. T. Colquitt ; and in that body he strongly supported the Administration's Mexican policy. From his entry into political life he had been a strong States Rights advocate, and in 1849 he was one of the signers of the "Southern Ad- dress." His views, however, tinderwent a radical change at this time, and he became one of the warmest supporters of Clay's scheme of com- promise, and thereafter allied himself with the Unionist element in the South. He was a judge of the Superior Court of Georgia from Xovcinber, 1849, to 1853, and was Governor of the State from 1853 until 1857. His well-known conserva- tism led to his nomination in 18U0 as the candi- date of the Xorthern Democrats for Vice-Presi- dent on the ticket with Ste])hen A. Dcjuglas. With Alexander 11. Stephens (ij-V.) he did liis utmost to check the secession movement in (ieorgia, but he abided by the decision of the secession con- vention and threw in his fortime with the Confed- eracy. He was elected one of the Senators from Georgia in the Second Confederate Congress in Xovember, 18(i2, but early despaired of tlie cause of the South. He openly advocated peace in 1804. hailed the cessation of hostilities with delight, and in October, 1805, was |)resident of the Georgia convention which repealed the ordi- nance of secession. On the readmissjon of Georgia he was, in .January, 1800, elected L'nited States Senator, but was not allowed to take his seat on account of war disabilities. In 1873 he was appointed to the bencli of the State Superior Court, where he remained until his death. JOHNSON, Horace CiiAtNCEY (1820—). An American painter, born at Oxford, Conn. He studied in Xew Y'ork City under Professor Morse, and then became a jjupil of William Page in Rome (1856-58). Among his works are "Roman Peasant on the Cam])agna." "Grape Gatherers of Gensano." "The Roman ilother," and "Azrael." JOHNSON, Sir John (1742-1830). An Ameri- can Tory leader, the son of Sir William Johnson (q.v. ), up(m whose estate on the Mohawk River in Xew York he was bom. He was educated at Albany and at New Y'ork, and took part with his father in the French and Indian War. He was knighted in 1705, and in 1774 succeeded to the baronetcy which had been granted to his father. He retained a great deal of his father's remarkable influence over the Indians, and it was due to this, and to the exertions of Joseph Tirant (q,v,), Sir William's protege, that the tribes of the Iroquois X'ation, with the excep- tion of the Oneidas and the Tuscaroras, allied themselves with the British at the outbreak of the Revolution, There was a strong Tory ele- ment in central Xew York, and this element Sir John tmdertook to rally about the standard of Great Britain, organizing the famous loyalist corps known as the 'Queen's Own American Regi- ment,' or, more familiarly, as the 'Royal Greens,* of which he himself became colonel. With these troops, in July. 1777, he joined Saint Leger at Oswego, and took part in the siege of Fort Stanwix (q.v.), and the battle of Oriskany (q.v.) on -Uigust 0th following. Later in th« same day on which Herkinjer was repulsed in his attempt to raise the siege, a brilliant sortie of the fort's garrison under Marinus Willett com- pelled .Johnson to withdraw across the Mohawk, leaving his camp and equipage in the hands of the Americans. The advance of Arnold to the relief of the fort, and the defection of a large part of their Indian allies, caused Saint Leger and .Johnson to abandon the siege on August 22d and retreat northward toward Oswego, thus ren- dering impossible the proposed cooperation with Bnrgome. During the next two years .Johnson continued to direct operations in northern and central Xew Y'ork, and the sticcession of raids of the Butlers and Brant with their bands of
