TROLLING. 480 TROLLOPE. a 8wivel at each end of the leader is always nec- essary to prevent the tmsting of the line. The heaviest fish trolled for in fresh water is the maskinonge, the standard bait for which is a frog alive or imitation, but the surest is the spoon, preferably showing a golden hue, size No. 8, the feathers at the head of which should be bright scarlet, and a single hook. The bluefish is taken by trolling from a boat in motion, or from a stationary boat, into the waters around which have been thrown small pieces of men- haden. The Spanish mackerel is taken by troll- ing, and many other fish of the Atlantic and Pacific and of the Gulf. Off the Florida coast and in the C4ulf the tarpon is taken by trolling from a slowly rowed boat. About 100 feet of line is trailed from the rod: the line has a jjiano- wire snell and a fish line at the outer end. On the California coast the tuna, the yellow-tail, and barracuda have been taken on hook. See Angling ; Fly-Casting ; Bait- Fishing. TROLLIUS. See Globe-Flowek. TROLLOPE, trol'lup, Anthony (1815-82). An English novelist, born in London. April 24, 1815, son of Frances Trollope (q.v.). Educated at Windiester and at Harrow, he proved a dull scholar, and his poverty made his school days most unhappy. About 1835 he obtained an official position in the General Post-OfiSce in London. Miile connected with that depart- ment he foiuid time to amuse the public with a long series of novels of remarkable merit. The first work which attracted serious attention to him, Tlie Wurdeii (1855), was followed bj' a con- tiimation entitled Barchester Towers (1857), which remains, perhaps, the most widely read of all his books. In rapid succession to these came Dr. Thome (1858), The Three Clerks (1858), The Bertrams (1859), Castle Richmond (1800), Framley Parsonage {1S6) , Orley Farm (1862), The Small House at AlUngton (1864), Can You Forgive Eerf (1864-65), Phineas Finn (1869), The Eustace Diamonds (1873), Phineas Redux (1874), The Way We Live Now (1875), Is Be Popenjoyf (1878), and other novels. Trollope also puldislied several pleasant volumes of travel, among them being Xorth America (1862), Aus- tralia and New Zealand { 1874) , and Houth Africa (1878). In biography, he wrote a Life of CiEsar (1870), and one of Cicero (1880), besides sketches of Thackeray (1879) and Palmerston (1882). He died at Harting, Sussex, December 6, 1882. Trollope is one of the most admirable of the English realists. He delineates the English society of his time with wonderful penetration, and with an equal connnand of humor and of pathos. Hawthorne wrote of his novels: "They precisely suit my taste — solid and substantial and just as real as if some giant had hewn a great lump out of the earth and put it under a glass case with all the inhabitants going about their daily business and not suspecting that they were being made a show of." He particu- larly excels in depicting life in the cathedral to^vns ; and his portraits of bishops, archdeacons, and the minor clergA' are remarkable for their truth and humor. His Mrs. Proudie, who ap- pears in Barchester Towers and again in The Last Chronicle of Barset (1867). is the finest shrew since Shakespeare's Katherine. Very at- tractive, too, are his young girls, as Lily Dale, Jlary Thome, and Grace Crawley. Trollope did not liimself lay any especial claim to psycho- logical insight; yet it would be hard to find in English fiction anything more true and delicate than his analysis of the conscience of Septimus Harding, in The Warden; or anything :nore poignant than his study of jealousy in Be Knew Be Was Right. His Lizzie Eustace, in The Eustace Diamonds, is a type of insincerity and selfishness worthy to be set beside Thackeray's Becky Sharp. His snobs, his rustics, and his husband-hunting young women are all drawn with surprising vividness. On the whole, Trollope's best work is contained in The Chronicles of Bar- setshire (13 vols., New York, 1892); yet many of his less read novels, such as The Way We Live Now, The American Senator, and The Claverings, are very little inferior. Curious facts concern- ing his life and methods of composition may be found in his Autobiography (New York, 1883). For critical estimates of Tiollope, the reader is referred to a paper by Henry .James in Partial Portraits (London and New York, 1883) ; and to H. T. Peck's Introduction to vol. i. of the 'Royal' edition of Trollope's best known novels (Philadelphia, 1900). Consult also Cross, De- velopment of the English Novel (New York, 1899). TROLLOPE, Edward (1817-93). An Eng- lish clergyman and antiquary, educated at Eton and Oxford, graduating B.A. from Saint Mary Hall in 1839. Ordained priest in the Anglican Cliurch (1841), he held various prefer- ments, becoming Bishop of Nottingham in 1877. As secretary and as president of the Associated Architectural Societies, he took an active and judicious part in the work of church restoration. Among his works are Illustrations of Ancient Art, selected from Objects discovered at Pompeii and Bcrculaneum (1854); Life of Pope Adrian IV. (1856) : Handbook of the Paintings and En- gravings Exhibited at Nottingham, Illustrating the Caroline Civil War (1864) ; and Notices of Ancient and ilediceval Labyrinths (1866). TROLLOPE, Mrs. Frances (1780-1863). An English novelist and miscellaneous writer, born at Stapleton, near Bristol, March 10, 1780. Her father, William Milton, was subsequently vicar of Heckfleld in Hampshire. In 1809 she was married to Thomas Anthony Trollope, a barrister. In 1827 she went to America, and dur- ing a three years' residence in the United States gathered the materials of her first book, Dome.i- tic Manners of the Americans (1832). This work attracted great attention, and the severity of certain of its strictures was much resented in the United States. Indeed, in 1833 appeared a pamphlet entitled Aniei'ican Criticisms. After the death of her husband (1835) Mrs. Trollope had to turn to literature for a living. For twenty years book after book came from her pen. Of her novels perhaps the best were The Vicar of Wrcxhill (1837), The Widow Barnaby (1838), and the sequels of the latter. The Widow Married (1840) and The Barnabys in Ainerica (1843). Mrs. Trollope's last years were passed in Florence with her eldest son, Thomas Adolphus Trollope (q.v.). She died at Florence October' 6. 1863. The Domestic Manners of the Ameri- cans was edited by H. T. Peck (New York,
