kleinen Propheten (1902}, a remarkably fruitful critical brochure; The Book of Psalms (in Sacred Books of the Old Testament. Leipzig, 1895): Eng. trans., 1898). In his later career Wellhausen has devoted himself especially to early Arabic literature, where he has achieved fundamental results, most of which are contained in Skizzen und Vorarbeiten, including Keste des arabischen Heidenthums (last ed. 1897): Medina vor dem Islam (1889); Prolegomena zur ültesten Geschichte des Islams (1899); he has also published Muhammed in Medina (1882), a translation of Wakidi: Das arabische Reich und sein Stuz (1902). His latest work is in the New Testament field, Das Evangelium Marci (1903).
WEL'LINGBOROUGH. A town in Northamptonshire, England. 1012 miles east-northeast of Northampton (Map: England, F 4). It has manufactures of boots and shoes, and there are iron ore mines, blast furnaces, and chalybeate springs. Population, in 1901, 18,412.
WEL'LINGTON. The capital of New Zealand, beautifully situated on a bay of Port Nicholson, an inlet of Cook's Strait, on the southern coast of North Island (Map: New Zealand, K 4). The harbor is a fine expanse of water six miles long and five miles broad, and has excellent wharf accommodations. Since the removal of the seat of government hither from Auckland, in 1865, the town has made rapid progress; it possesses a number of good public buildings, including a handsome structure for the use of the House of Representatives and the Legislative Council. The streets are generally spacious. Wellington has two cathedrals, together with numerous other denominational places of worship. Freemasons' Hall, public library. fine botanical gardens, a public park, and extensive water-works. Victoria College is affiliated with the University of New Zealand. The industrial establishments include flour and saw-mills, tanneries, foundries, meat-preserving factories, soap and candle works, brick kilns, breweries, etc. Founded by Colonel Wakefield in 1840, Wellington was the first settlement of the New Zealand Company. Population, in 1891, 31.000; in 1901, 43,586.
WELLINGTON. The county-seat of Sumner County. Kan., 30 miles south of Wichita, on Slate Creek, and on the Chicago. Rock Island and Pacific and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railroads (Map: Kansas. E 4). It is an important shipping centre for the grain, live stock, and farm produce of the surrounding district, and has large flouring mills, grain elevators, and a plow factory. There are extensive salt deposits. The water-works and the electric light plant are owned and operated by the municipality. Population, in 1890, 4301; in 1901. 4245.
WELLINGTON, Arthur Mellen (1847-95). An American civil engineer, born in Waltham, Mass. From 1878 to 1881 he was chief assistant in the engineering department of the New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio Railway, and afterwards he held positions with the Mexican Central and the Mexican National Railway. In 1884 he became connected with the Railway Gazette, and in 1887 with the Engineering News. The various enterprises with which he was concerned included the abolition of grade crossings at Buffalo, the improvement of railway terminals and erection of the Board of Trade building at Toronto, and the plans for the Boston subway. He published: Computation of Railway Earthworks from Diagrams (2 vols., 1874); The Economic Theory of Railway Location (1877 and 1887); Car Builders' Dictionary (1884); Field Work of Railway Location and Laying Out of Works (1889).
WELLINGTON, Arthur Wellesley, first Duke of (1769-1852). A British general and statesman. He was the fourth son of Garret Wellesley, first Earl of Mornington, and was born in 1769, probably on the 29th of April, at Dublin, though both the date and the place are doubtful. His education was begun at a private school at Chelsea. whence he was sent to Eton, where he remained until the death of his father in 1781. He was an unpromising boy, and his mother, deciding that her "ugly boy Arthur" was "fit food for powder and nothing else." sent him to a military academy at Angers, France, for one year. He entered the army in 1787, and rose rapidly, receiving his commission as colonel in 1706. At first he saw but little of military service, but in 1794-95 he served with conspicuous gallantry in Holland against Pichegru. In 1796 Wellesley was ordered to India, and arrived at Calcutta with his regiment in the following year. His brother, the Earl of Mornington, afterwards the Marquis of Wellesley, was named Governor-General, and landed at Calcutta in May, 1798. In August Wellesley was transferred to the Madras establishment. In 1799 the campaign of the English against Tippu Sahib, ruler of Mysore, was undertaken. Wellesley commanded the English left at Malavelly, but remained with the reserves when Seringapatam was stormed. Nevertheless, he was named Governor of the conquered State, and until the beginning of 1803, save for brief intervals, was in control of both the military forces and the civil administration. In 1800 he pursued and defeated Dhundiah Waugh, a freebooter who had collected an army of 40,000 and was invading Mahratta territory. In the Mahratta War of 1803-05, Wellesley commanded the English forces in the south. After capturing the fortress of Ahmednagar, he unexpectedly found himself at Assaye in the presence of about 40.000 Mahratta troops with 100 guns, while he had only 4,500 men and 17 guns, together with about 5000 auxiliary troops. He assumed the offensive, and by means of daring but hazardous movements, won a complete victory (September 23d). The battle of Argaum and the storming of Gawilgarh completed the discomfiture of the Mahratta chiefs. Wellesley received the thanks of Parliament and was made K.C.B. In 1805 he sailed for England.
During the three years from Wellesley's landing in England until his departure for Portugal, he held various minor military offices. In 1806 he entered Parliament. He was returned again in 1807, and in the same year was named Privy Councilor and Chief Secretary for Ireland, holding the latter office for two years, He distinguished himself in the expedition against Copenhagen in 1807. and in the following year was commissioned lieutenant-general. In July, 1808, Wellesley sailed from Cork with the first English contingent destined to aid the Portuguese and Spanish in their revolt against Napoleon, It
