Page:Totem and Taboo (1919).djvu/76

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TOTEM AND TABOO

mentions that the Osaga Indians after mourning for their own dead mourned for their foes as if they had been friends.[1]

Before proceeding to the other classes of taboo customs for the treatment of enemies, we must define our position in regard to a pertinent objection. Both Frazer as well as other authorities may well be quoted against us to show that the motive for these rules of reconciliation is quite simple and has nothing to do with “ambivalence.” These races are dominated by a superstitious fear of the spirits of the slain, a fear which was also familiar to classical antiquity, and which the great British dramatist brought upon the stage in the hallucinations of Macbeth and Richard the Third. From this superstition all the reconciliation rules as well as the restrictions and expiations which we shall discuss later can be logically deduced; moreover, the ceremonies included in the fourth group also argue for this interpretation, since the only explanation of which they admit is the effort to drive away the spirits of the slain which pursue the manslayers.[2] Besides, the savages themselves directly admit their fear of the spirits of their slain foes and trace back the taboo customs under discussion to this fear.

  1. J. O. Dorsay, see Frazer, “Toboo, etc.,” p. 181.
  2. Frazer, “Taboo,” p. 166 to 174. These ceremonies consist of hitting shields, shouting, bellowing and making noises with various instruments, etc.