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List of Illustrations
PAGE 63. Wall of Hadrian in Britain................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................141 64. The Amphitheater at Arles................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................142 65. A Roman Freight Ship................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................143 66. Gladiators................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................146 67. A Roman Aqueduct................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................147 68. Interior of the Catacombs................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................150 69. Charlemagne................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................162 70. Ring Seal of Otto the Great................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................164 71. A Viking Ship................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................167 72. A Scene from the Bayeux Tapestry................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................168 73. The Tower of London................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................173 74. Mounted Knight................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................175 75. Naval Battle Showing Use of "Greek Fire"................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................178 76. Mecca................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................181 77. The Alhambra................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................185 78. Combat between Crusaders and Moslems................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................188 79. Effigy of a Knight Templar................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................189 80. Hut-Wagon of the Mongols (Reconstruction)................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................191 81. A Mongol................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................192 82. Mohammed II................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................193 83. Coronation Chair, Westminster Abbey................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................196 84. Religious Music................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................205 85. A Bishop Ordaining a Priest................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................207 86. Abbey of Saint-Germain des Prés, Paris................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................209 87. Papal Arms................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................211 88. Sulgrave Manor................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................214 89. Farm Work in the Fourteenth Century................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................218 90. Serf Warming his Hands................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................220 91. House of Jacques Cœur, Bourges................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................223 92. Belfry of Bruges................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................224 93. A German Merchant in the Fourteenth Century................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................226 94. Jacob Fugger................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................229 95. Baptistery, Cathedral, and "Leaning Tower" of Pisa................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................232 96. Cross Section of Amiens Cathedral................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................233 97. A Hornbook................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................234 98. Tower of Magdalen College, Oxford................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................235 99. A University Lecture................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................236 100. Mask of Dante................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................241 101. An Early Printing Press................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................242 102. Desiderius Erasmus................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................245 103. William Shakespeare................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................246 104. The Santa Maria, Flagship of Columbus................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................252 105. Martin Luther................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................258 106. Worms Cathedral................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................260 107. St. Ignatius Loyola................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................266 108. The Spanish Armada in the English Channel................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................273 109. Henry IV................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................274 110. Henry VIII................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................276 111. Hugo Grotius................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................278 112. A Puritan Family................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................284 113. Specimen of Cromwell's Handwriting................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................287 114. Great Seal of England under the Commonwealth................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................289 115. Hôtel des Invalides, Paris................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................296 116. Marlborough................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................300 117. Gibraltar................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................301 118. Catherine II................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................307 119. Maria Theresa................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................310 120. The Partition of Poland................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................317 121. New Amsterdam in 1655................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................324 122. Quebec................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................333 123. A Stamp of 1765................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................335 124. George III................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................336 125. Opening Lines of the Declaration of Independence................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................337 126. Signatures of the Treaty of Paris, 1783................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................340 127. John Wesley................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................352 128. Boys' Sports................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................353 129. Adam Smith................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................355 130. Death Mask of Sir Isaac Newton................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................356
