says " (Boston, 1867) ; " Curiosities of the Law Re- porters " (1871) ; " Oddities of the Law " (1881) ; and "Shakespeare as a Lawyer " (1883).
HEARD, Thomas Jefferson, physician, b. in
Morgan county, Ga., 14 May, 1814. He studied
medicine at Transylvania university, and began
practice in Washington, Texas, in 1837. He re-
ceived the degree of M. D. from the University of
Louisiana in 1845. In 1857 he removed to Galves-
ton. He exerted his influence to modify the treat-
ment of malarial fevers in the southwest, and
introduced into Texas the treatment by quinine,
opiates, ammonia, and salts, in the place of bleed-
ing, purgatives, and mercury. In 1868 he con-
tributed to the " Transactions " of the American
medical association a paper on " The Epidemics,
Topography, and Climatology of Texas," contain-
ing observations on the yellow fever, and in 1869
a more general article on epidemics and climatol-
ogy. He held the chair of the theory and prac-
tice of medicine in the Galveston medical school
in 1866, and that of materia medica and thera-
peutics in the University of Louisiana in 1876, but
resigned his chair in each of these colleges after de-
livering a single course of lectures. He was active
in organizing the Texas medical association, and
was its first president.
HEARNE, Saninel, English explorer, b. in
London in 1745 ; d. in 1792. In early life he
served as a midshipman under Hood, and after the
seven years' war he entered the employment of
the Hudson bay company, and made several jour-
neys in northern British America in quest of a
northwest passage and of mines of the precious
metals. He started on an expedition to the north
on 15 July, 1771, reached the Coppermine river
after a journey of nearly 1,300 miles on foot, and
descended it to the Arctic ocean. He returned to
the Prince of Wales's fort on 30 June, 1772, after
nearly perishing from starvation. He established
Cumberland factory in 1774, was made governor
of the Prince of Wales's Fort in 1775, and was
made prisoner by La Perouse when the fort was
captured in 1782. He returned to England in
1787. He published "Journey from the Prince of
Wales's Fort, in Hudson's Bay, to the Northern
Ocean ; undertaken by Order of the Hudson's Bay
Company for the Discovery of Copper Mines, a
Northwest Passage, etc." (London, 1795).
HEARST, George, senator, b. in Franklin
county, Mo., 3 Sept., 1820 ; d. in Washington, D. C,
28 Feb., 1891. He was graduated in 1838, worked
on his father's farm in his youth, and in 1850 went
to California overland, and engaged in mining. He
became chief partner in the firm of Hearst, Hag-
gin, Tevis and Co., which gained large profits by
speculating in mining claims, and grew to be the
largest private firm of mine-owners in the United
States. He acquired the reputation of being the
most expert prospector and judge of mining
property on the Pacific coast, and contributed
to the development of the modern processes of
quartz and other kinds of mining. He aiso en-
gaged largely in stock-raising and farming, and
became the proprietor of the San Francisco " Ex-
aminer." He was a member of the California
legislature in 1865, received the vote of the Demo-
cratic minority in the legislature for U. S. sena-
tor in 1885, and on 23 March, 1886, was appointed
by Gov. Stoneman to fill the vacancy caused by
the death of John F. Miller, took his seat in the
U. S. senate on 9 April, 1886, but the legislature,
on 4 Aug., elected A. P. Williams, a Republican.
When the legislature met in January, 1887, Hearst
was elected senator for the succeeding term.
HEATH, Lyman, song-writer, b. in Bow,
N. H., 24 Aug., 1804; d. in Nashua, N. II.. :!()
June, 1870. He lived in his youth at Lyman,
Vt., and subsequently at St. Johnsbury, Vt., and
Littleton, N. H., and for the last thirty years of
his life at Nashua. He became a teacher of mu-
sic at the age of twenty-one, and gave concerts for
many years. He was the composer of "The
Grave of Bonaparte," "The Burial of Mrs. Jud-
son," and many other popular songs.
HEATH, William, soldier, b. in Roxbury,
Mass., 7 March, 1737 ; d. there, 24 Jan., 1814. He
was brought up on the same farm on which his
ancestor settled in 1636. He was active in organ-
izing the militia before the Revolution, was a cap-
tain in the Suffolk regiment, of which he after-
ward became colonel, joined the artillery company
of Boston, and was chosen its commander in 1770,
in which year he wrote a series of essays in a Bos-
ton newspaper on the importance of military dis-
cipline and skill in the use of arms over the
signature " A Military Countryman." He was a
representative in the general assembly in 1761,
and again in 1771-'4, a member of the committees
of correspondence and safety, and of the Provin-
cial congress in 1774-'5. He was appointed a pro-
vincial brigadier-general on 8 Dec, 1774, performed
valuable services in the pursuit of the British
troops from Concord on 19 April, 1775, organized
and trained the undisciplined forces at Cambridge
before the battle of Bunker Hill, was made a ma-
jor-general of provincial troops on 20 June, 1775,
and upon the organization of the Continental
army was, on 22 June, commissioned as a briga-
dier-general, and stationed with his command at
Roxbury. On 9 Aug., 1776, he was made a major-
general in the Continental army. In March, 1776,
he was ordered to New York, and opposed the
evacuation of the city. After the battle of White
Plains he took command of the posts in the High-
lands. In 1777 he was assigned to the command
of the eastern department, embracing Boston and
its vicinity, and had charge of the prisoners of
Burgoyne's army at Cambridge. In June, 1779,
he was ordered to the command of the posts on
the Hudson, with four regiments, and remained
in that vicinity till the close of the war, going to
Rhode Island for a short period on the arrival,
of the French forces in July, 1780. He returned
to his farm after the war, was a member of
the convention that ratified the Federal constitu-
tion, a state senator in 1791-2, probate judge of
Norfolk county in 1793, and was elected lieuten-
ant-governor in 1806, but declined the office. He
was the last surviving major-general of the Revolu-
tionary army, and published " Memoirs of Major-
General William Heath, containing Anecdotes,
Details of Skirmishes, Battles, etc., during the
American War" (Boston, 1798).
HEATHCOTE, Caleb, merchant, b. in Chesterfield, Derbyshire, England, 6 March, 1665 : d. in New York city, 28 Feb., 1721. He came to New York in 1691 with the means of entering on a mercantile life, in which he was successful. He was appointed by King William a councillor of the province in 1692, and remained in office, with the exception of those years, 1698-1701, all his life. He was the organizer of the borough town of Westchester, and
its first mayor, and the first judge of the county of Westchester, and colonel of its militia also, during his life. He originated the first movement for the erection of an Anglican church in the city of New York, and aided in obtaining for it a charter of incorporation by forming in 1695 " The Managers of the Church of England," of which he was
