the same day Cudequala was elected general-in-chief by acclamation. In the following year, 1587, Thomas Cavendish, who commanded a predatory expedition of three ships against the Spanish colonies, landed at Quintero, but Cudequala's warriors attacked the English and forced them to sail away, a number of their men having been killed. After some successful operations the Araucanian chief determined to take the city of Angol by surprise, for which he managed to have the Indian inhabitants prepared to set fire to the houses of the Spaniards at an appointed time during the night, while he would have his troops quietly approaching the gates of the place. This was done, and, while the flames consumed many buildings, the frightened inmates ran about the streets only to be horribly dealt with at the hands of the Araucanians. The governor of Angol hastily gathered some troops, and, after desperate fighting, Cudequala retreated at daybreak. But this did not discourage the Indian general, who soon besieged Purén and defeated a body of Spanish troops sent by the governor to re-enforce the place. Then he proposed to the besieged that they either surrender or enter his own service; but, as his proposals received no attention, Cudequala went near the rampart of the place, riding on a splendid horse taken by himself from the governor, and challenged the commander of the Spanish forces to come out and fight personally with him. The commander, García Ramon, immediately accepted the challenge, and on an appointed day the chiefs met in an open field, each being accompanied by a small number of officers and men. The encounter was very short, for the two opponents at once made a furious attack, riding at full gallop, and Cudequala fell, having been run through with the Spaniard's spear. Even when dying the Araucanian warrior would not admit defeat, and tried in vain to mount his horse again.
CUDWORTH, James, colonist, b. in England
about 1012; d. there in 1682. He was an "elder
brother of Ralph Cudworth, famous among Cam-
bridge Platonists, and came to America in 1634,
settling in Plymouth. Later he removed to Scitu-
ate, where for several years he was prominent in
public affairs, and one of the council of war. He
was a brave and prudent officer, and commanded
the Plymouth troops during the Indian war with
King Phil!]), winning a military reputation second
only to that of Miles Standish. He became unpopu-
lar on account of Jiis opposition to the severe meas-
ures taken against the Quakers. In 1681 he was
made deputy governor, and during the same year
sent to England as an agent for the colony, but
died soon after his arrival. Some of his letters on
public business are still extant.
CUELLAR, Jose T. de (kwayl'-yar), Mexican
author, b. at San Luis Potosi, 15" Aug., 1835. He
studied at the San Carlos academy in Mexico, and
afterward entered the diplomatic service. He was
attache to the Mexican legation at Washington
from 1856 till 1858, when he returned to Mexico to
fill a place in the foreign office. He accompanied
President Juarez to Paso del Norte in his official
capacity, and returned to the capital with Juarez
in 1867. Having asked for a leave of absence, he
retired to his native city in 1868, and there won
literary reputation by a novel entitled " El Pecado
del Siglo." He was appointed secretary to the
Mexican legation at Washington in 1870," and re-
mained there until 1882, then being recalled and
subsequently elected a representative to congress.
His appointment as chief officer or under-secretary
of foreign affairs was made in August, 1886.
Among Cuellar's works are these comedies and
dramas: "Deberes y sacrificios," "Azares de una
venganza," " Natural y figura," " Arte de amar,"
" Cubrir las apariencias," " Redencion," and " Un
viaje a Oriente." His novels include '• Ensalada
de polios," " Chucho el Ninfo," " Isolina la ex-figu-
rante," "Las jamonas,"' "Las gentes que son asi,"
and " Gabriel el Cerrajero." He has also written
several poems.
CUENECURA (kway-nay-coo'-rah), Araucanian
soldier, b. in the province of Catiray, Chili, in 1578 ;
d. in October, 1609. Being hereditary cacique of
Catiray, and officer of the Araucanian army under
Cuillamachu, he accompanied this chieftain in all
his battles against the Spaniards, and finally suc-
ceeded him in his command early in 1004. In 1605
he defeated the Spanish troops under the German
commander, Lisperger, near Baroa, directed three
fierce attacks on that city, and took it, Lisperger
having been killed during its defence. In 1007
Cuenecura routed 3,000 Spaniards newly sent from
Peru and marching in two columns, headed by
Gens. Saravia and Pineda, and every man of
that army was either killed or made a pi'isoner by
the Indians. The captain-general of Chili went
with 2.000 men to attack him in 1609, but after
a well-fought battle retreated. Cuenecura was
wounded then, but directed another battle before
he recovered, and, seeing that his condition pi-e-
vented him from continuing the fight, being ex-
hausted, he took his own life on the battle-field.
He adopted the use of artillery and other fire-arms
taken from the Spaniards, and his Indians became
very dexterous in handling their new weapons.
CUEVA, Beatriz de la (kway'-vah), wife of
Pedro de Alvarado, the conqueror of Guatemala,
b. in Spain early in the 16th century ; d. in the city
of Guatemala, il Sept., 1541. When Alvarado re-
turned to Central America, after his second voyage
to Spain in 1539, he had married there Doiia
Beatriz, a sister of his first wife, Doiia Francisca
de la Cueva, who died in Vera Cruz in 1530. In
1540 Alvarado was engaged in several expeditions
in Mexico, and while crossing the mountains was
killed by a fall of his horse early in July, 1541.
When tliis news reached Guatemala, the municipal
council elected Doiia Beatriz to succeed her hus-
band in the government ; but on the day following
her inauguration she perished, with many other
people, during the terrible earthquakes and floods
that destroyed the city, 11 Sept., 1541. Ever since
she has been generally called " Doiia Beatriz la sin
Ventura" (Dona Beatriz, the unfortunate).
CUEVAS DAVALOS, Alonso, Mexican prelate, b. in the city of Mexico, 25 Nov., 1590 ; d. 2 Sept.,
1665. He was the first native Mexican elected to
the archiepiscopal see of Mexico. He studied at
the college of San Ildefonso, won the doctor's de-
gree in theology, and then filled the chair of the-
ology in the University of Mexico. He was sent
to Puebla as first canon of the cathedral in 1635,
and distinguished himself by his charitable work
during an epidemic in 1642-'3. Eight years after-
ward he was translated to the capital, and filled
high offices both in the cathedral and in the uni-
versity, after which he was promoted to the bishopric
of Oaxaca, where he succeeded in restoring peace
among the revolted population of Tehuantepec,
the king of Spain thanking him by a special de-
cree. 2 Oct., 1662. He received in June, 1664, his
appointment to the see of Mexico, which he occu-
pied until his death. He had begun imijortant
reforms, but did not live to finish them.
CUFFEE, Paul, Indian preacher, b. in 1757; d. in Montauk, Long Island, 7 March, 1812. He was a member of the Shinnecock tribe of Indians on
