The personal pronoun distinguishes three persons, see Illustration 3: The first person is the self of the speaking subject; the second person is the speaking subject addressed; the third person is the person neither originating the speech nor directly addressed. These three persons also have plurals: "I—we," "you—you," "he, she, it—they." It will be noticed that only in the third person singular is gender distinguished: "he," masculine animate; "she," feminine animate; "it," inanimate, also sometimes used when a lower animal is the object referred to, as: the sheep, it grazes.
The demonstrative pronouns have only two degrees of remoteness: "this" [here], and "that" [there]. The demonstrative adverbs "here" and "there" correspond.
| Pjrsjn—Person | Rjmoctnes—Remoteness |
 | |
| Illustration 3 | Illustration 4 |
Adjectives express permanent or acquired attributes of an object. They are often explained by giving the opposites, as in Illustration 5, where "young" and "old," "black" & "white," "short" & " tall" are contrasted.
[ 25 ]
