seconds black, and in five or six seconds gives off cloud of smoke. Then fan gently with hand and in a few seconds you will see a glowing coal in the middle of dust. Take about a teaspoonful of shredded cedar wood, previously prepared, wrap it in bark fiber or shredded rope, hold it on coal, and lifting tray and all, blow it until it blazes. Carefully add birch bark shreds or pine splinters, and your fire is made!
Figure 1 is a simple bow—a bent stick, about 27 inches long and 5/8 inch thick, with stout leather thong. In No. 2 thong at handle end goes through disc of wood to tighten by hand pressure against disc while using. Figs. 3 and 43 show drill sockets. No. 5 is a fancy one. Here (4-4a) is a soapstone socket let into wood and fastened with pine gum. Top of drill should be greased before using. It should be 12 to 18 in. long and about 3/4 in. thick, roughly eight-sided so thong will not slip. Best drill wood is old, dry brash, but basswood, white or red cedar, tamarack, and sometimes even white pine, will do.
MERIT BADGES AND HOW THEY ARE WON.
|
To win a Merit Badge a Scout must show that he knows certain things and that he can apply his knowledge. To win an electricity badge, the first shown on left, he must, among other things, illustrate, by experiment, the laws of electrical attraction and repulsion and name three uses of direct and tell how it differs from alternating current.
Machinery Badge: State principles underlying use and construction of lathe, steam boiler and engine, drill press and planner. Mining: Know and name fifty minerals; define watershed, delta, drift, fault, glacier, terrace, stratum and dip. Ornithology: Identify by appearance or note forty-five different kinds of birds in one day and make a good clear photograph of some wild bird. Photography: Understand theory and use of lenses, construction of camera, and action of developers; make a recognizable photograph of any wild bird larger than a robin, while on its nest; or a wild animal in its haunts; or a fish in water. Public Health: Draw diagram showing how flies carry disease; how to co-operate with the Board of Health in preventing disease; describe garbage\disposal. Personal Health: Describe care of teeth, proper eating and effect of alcohol and tobacco on growing boys. Aviation: Know theory of aeroplanes, balloons and dirigibles; describe various types of aeroplanes and their records. Agriculture: Identify injurious insects and tell how best to handle them; have a general knowledge of farm work and of dry farming and irrigation. Civics: Know how president, vice-president, senators and congressmen are elected, the various departments of government as represented in the president’s cabinet. |
|
Illustrations Copyrighted by Boy Scouts of America
