are often preferred as cheaper and safer than checks or postal orders for small remittances by mail. See A. L. Stimson's History of the Express Business.
Extradition is the surrender of a prisoner accused of a crime by the government in whose dominions he has taken refuge to the government of which he is a subject, so that he may be punished or dealt with according to its laws for an offense committed within its jurisdiction. The crimes for which extradition may be demanded comprise murder, manslaughter, counterfeiting and forgery, embezzlement and larceny, obtaining money or goods on false pretenses, etc. Between this country and Great Britain the offenses number nearly 30 that are extraditable, though political offenses are excluded, as they usually are in all international treaties. Since the assassination of President Garfield provision has been made in the treaties of this country with foreign powers that attempts against the head of the state, in the way of assassination, murder or poisoning, shall not be deemed political offenses, and so they are extraditable. The rendition, in this country, of criminals or fugitives from justice from one state to another is provided for by the constitution; the state making demand for the return of the criminal paying the costs connected with the arrest and surrender of the person extradited.
Eyck (īk), Hubert and Jan van, two illustrious painters of the early Flemish school. They probably were born at Alden Eyck or Masseyck on the Maas, but the date of their birth is uncertain; Hubert is supposed to have been born about 1370 and Jan about 1389. The distinction of being the inventors of oilpainting is claimed for them, though evidence exists that it was practiced previously. But the Van Eycks were the first who brought into notice and perfected the mode of mixing colors with oil. For transparent and brilliant coloring and minute finish their works have never been surpassed. Jan seems to have been instructed in art by his elder brother and to have worked with him as court-painter to Philip of Charolais till 1422, when he entered the service of John of Bavaria, count of Holland, at The Hague; and in 1425 he was appointed painter to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, practicing his art chiefly at Bruges. Hubert continued to reside in Ghent, and at the time of his death, Sept. 18, 1426, was engaged upon an important altarpiece, which was completed by Jan. The masterpieces of the brothers are mostly met with in Ghent, Bruges, Antwerp, Berlin, Munich and Paris. Three pictures of Jan's are in the National Gallery, London, dated 1432, '33 and '34. In the Louvre, Paris, is his exquisitely finished little picture of Chancellor Rollin kneeling before the Virgin. Jan died at Bruges on July 9, 1440. See Early Flemish Painters by Crowe and Cavalcaselle.
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| The head-end of a young embryo bird showing the formation of the optic vesicles (op) and the lens (Ls). The figs. on the right are sections through the head. |
Eye, the organ of sight. In some single-celled animals there is a colored spot sensitive to light, and from this simple condition to the complicated eye there are many gradations. In worms, insects and mollusks the eye develops from the surface-layer of cells by their becoming thickened and sometimes folded in. This is called a skin-eye. Nerve fibers grow from surface cells and pass to the brain. In the vertebrated animals the eye comes from a portion of the brain-wall, and has been called a brain-eye. But if the matter be looked at in an unprejudiced way, we shall see that the brain-wall at first was on the outside and, therefore, a portion of the surface layer of cells. The brain is formed by the rolling together of the outer layer of cells in such a way as to form a hollow tube, the walls of which become bulged out in several places, forming a row of enlargements or cavities. The eyes first appear as pockets or bulges (op in the illustration) from the front cavity of the brain; in this condition they are called optic vesicles. An optic vesicle is converted into an optic cup by changes best explained by reference to the illustration. The lens (Ls) is set free from the outer layer of cells and the wall of the original vesicle (op) becomes folded in to form a sort of cup, connected, to the brain by a stalk. This is the beginning of the eyeball. The eyeball when fully formed consists of three coats: Sclerotic, the tough outer coat; choroid, the dark middle coat; and retina, the delicate inner coat about 180 in. thick. The main cavity of the eyeball
THE EYE
