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a quarter, or other fractions, always following the same rule. A quadrate, every side of which is half a yard, is (51) equal to one-fourth of the figure which has one yard for its side. In the same manner, one-third by one-third, or one-fourth by one-fourth, or one-fifth by one-fifth, or two-thirds by a half, or more or less than this, always according to the same rule.
One side of an equilateral quadrangular figure, taken once, is its root; or if the same be multiplied by two, then it is like two of its roots, whether it be small or great.
If you multiply the height of any equilateral triangle by the moiety of the basis upon which the line marking the height stands perpendicularly, the product gives the area of that triangle.
In every equilateral quadrangle, the product of one diameter multiplied by the moiety of the other will be equal to the area of it.
In any circle, the product of its diameter, multiplied by three and one-seventh, will be equal to the periphery. This is the rule generally followed in practical life, though it is not quite exact. The geometricians have two other methods. One of them is, that you multiply the diameter by itself; then by ten, and hereafter take the root of the product; the root will be the periphery. The other method is used by the astronomers among them: it is this, that you multiply the diameter by sixty-two thousand eight hundred and thirty-two and then divide the product by twenty
