25, 37; French, 395, 400-402; Gelderland, 403; German, 403; Greek, 368; Indian, 405; Irish, 365, 370, 399, 400; Italian, 359, 402; Japanese, 405; from Lake-dwellings, 402; Lycian, 410; Mexican, 39; Patagonian, 406; Persian, 394, 396; Peruvian, 407; Russian, 404; Scottish, 386; Scandinavian, 353, 404; Spanish, 403; Swiss, 409; Virginian, 37; barbed, 380-390; bone, 210, 361; bronze, scarce in England, 368; chisel-ended, 409; crescent-shaped, 396; detachable from shaft, 370; double-pointed, 386; featherless, 410; iron-tipped, 394, 396; leaf-shaped, 373-378, 484; lozenge-shaped, 378, 484; manufactories of, 268, 280, 359, 401, 402; methods of shafting, 408, 410; modern use of, for fire-producing, 397; in necklaces, 10, 366; notched, 372, 396, 406; poisoned, 361, 370; single-barbed, 385, 393, 396; stemmed, 379; successive developments of, 369; superstitions concerning, 362-367; triangular, 390; in human vertebræ, 375, 396, 406
Arrow-shafts, concave scrapers for fashioning, 320; grooved pebbles for straightening, 268; Irish, 408; South American, 407
Art, works of, in caves, 484, 523, 657
Arundelian marbles as to date of discovery of iron, 4
"Asbestos," ligniformed, whetstone of, 352
Ash, Irish arrow-shaft of, 408; in brick earth at Hoxne, 537
Ashes of bone in hyæna den, 518
Asia, beliefs in, concerning celts, 59
Asphalte, use of, in mounting Swiss celts, 163
Assagais, Kaffir mode of shafting, 410
Assiut, figures from tomb at, 369
Astropelekia, 59
Atkins, Mr. E. Martin, abraded pyrites found by, 318
Atkinson, Rev. J. C, barrows examined by, 211
Attrition of teeth by gritty food, 253
Atys, stone knife used by, 9
Augustus, bronze arms as antiquities in time of, 4
Australians, celts handled by, with gum, 137, 170, 171; flint an article of barter among, 80; flints mounted by, as saws, 277, 293; grinding nardoo-seeds, 243; hatchet-hatting among, 233; pounding-stones of, 243, 245; tomahawks, mode of mounting by, 166; tools of, 97
Authenticity of palæolithic implements, 658, 659
Awls, bone, from Kent's Cavern, 506; bone instruments used as, 432; bronze, in interments, 84, 186; bronze, with wooden shaft, 462; flint, 321-325; periforated, 323; use of, in sewing leather, 433
Axes, 32, 63, 149; halting of, 155-163, 168, 160; used in the hand, 151; of Montezuma II., 157; hieroglyph of Nouter, 62
Axes, perforated, Brazilian, 157; in Brittany, 212; Danish, 32, 186, 205; French, 186; German, 145, 186, 191; Greek, 205; Kjökken-mödding, 69; Lake-dwellings, 158; Mexican, 191; Scandinavian, 187, 215; of basalt, 186; boring of, 46-52; with carved handles, 167; classification of, 184; contemporaneous with bronze, 193, &c.; cutting at one end, 192, &c.; double-edged, 184-192; fluted, 203,211; grooved, 168, 169; hafting of, 151-171; hollowed on sides, 209; in interments, 83, 163, &c.; large and heavy, 198, 199; little used by modern savages, 215; lozenge-shaped, 213; ornamented, 196, 209, 211; pointed at one end, 188; single-edged, 184, 192-196; superstitions concerning, 62, 63, 65, 145, 146; of ulna of whale, 435
Axe-hammers, 168, 200-205
Aymara Indians, hatchet-hafting among, 169, 239
Ayre, Col., R.A., 78
Aztecs, their method of stone working, 23; their stone mortars, 257
B
Babington, Prof. C. C, on flint hammer from Burwell, 538
Bætuli, virtues of, 65
Bahia, stone club from, 251
Baines, Mr., on Australian stone-working, 26
Balanus, presence of, in Stour Valley, 621
Ball of Towie, 421
Balls, stone, carved, 422; in lead mines, 234; perforated Peruvian, 232; possibly used in games, 244; their use among Eskimos, 219; in grinding corn, 253; as hammers, 249; with channelled surface, 420-423
Ballast for railways, implements found in, 573, 578, 632, 633, 639
Barbers, Mexican, their obsidian razors, 290
Barbs of arrows, various forms of, 380, &c.
Bark, Australian hammers hafted with, 167, 168
Barlow, Mr. F. Pratt, pointed drift implement found by, 619
Barnwell, Rev. E. L., on Welsh hammer-head, 226
Barrows, bronze and flint found together in, 397, &c.; chambered, bone chisel in, 433; cups of shale in, 445; fossils in, 466, 467, 469; gold cup in, with bronze dagger, 449; jet ornaments in, 265, 454, &c.; long, leaf- shaped arrow-heads. in, 377; necklaces in, 456-463; pebbles in, 443; pyrites and flint in, 265, 467; spindle whorl of clay in, 439; stag's horn hammer in, 434
Barry, Mr. F. Tress, 227
Barter, flint an Australian article of, 80; flints at Cissbury probably formed for, 80; finely worked daggers procured by, 414
Bartlett's "History of Manceter" referred to, 187
Basalt, axe hammer of, in interment, 467; heads of, 186, 194, 197, 202, 208, 211, 214; celts of, 106, 114, 140; hammers of, 25, 223; hatchets, 34, 85, 170; late use of, for anvils, 232; maul of, 234
Basaltic rock, African flakes of, 288
Bastard gouges, 180-182
Bast-fibre, its use in arrow shafting, 409; used in weaving, 436
Bate, Mr. Spence, 266, 279
Bateman, Mr., on pebbles in interments, 467
"Bâtons de commandement," in La Madeleine caves, 484
Bats, stone, possibly used for preparing hemp, 257
"Batting-staff," 256
Battle axes, 195, 197, 207; with amber cup in coffin, 449
"Battling-stones," 257
Baudot, M., on flakes in interments, 283
Bauerman, Mr., on stone hammers in Egyptian mine, 581
Baye, Baron Joseph de, 160
Beads, amber, 457, 459, 460; animal fibre used for stringing, 459; like arrow-heads, 367; bone, 432, 456, 457; with spiral pattern, 211; glass, 437, 456: jet, 83, 394, 457-462; Kimmeridge clay, 309, 457; of peculiar shapes, 463; quartz, 465; shale, 463; various, 457-463
Bear, chipped tooth of, 503; bones of, in position at Brixham, 513
Beauty, materials chosen on account of, 224, 227, 406, 466
Beckmann quoted as to date of flint-locks, 17
Bed-stone and rolling pin, 250
Bees-wax and mastic, axes mounted with, 170
