Executive Order 12817

Executive Order 12817 of October 21, 1992

Transfer of Certain Iraqi Government Assets Held by Domestic Banks

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), section 5 of the United Nations Participation Act of 1945, as amended (22 U.S.C. 287c), and Section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, in order to apply in the United States measures adopted in United Nations Security Council Resolution No. 778 of October 2, 1992, and in order to take additional steps with respect to the actions and policies of the Government of Iraq and the national emergency described and declared in Executive Order No. 12722.

I, George Bush, President of the United States of America, hereby order:

Section 1.⁠

The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to take all actions necessary to carry out the provisions of United Nations Security Council Resolution No. 778 with respect to blocked funds and other assets received from the United Nations in repayments of funds and assets transferred pursuant to section 2 of this order. For this purpose, the Secretary of the Treasury is delegated and authorized to exercise all authorities vested in the President by sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) and section 5 of the United Nations Participation Act (22 U.S.C. 287c).

Sec. 2.⁠

Upon a determination by the Secretary of the Treasury that funds or other assets in which the Government of Iraq or its agencies, instrumentalities, or controlled entities have an interest represent the proceeds of the sale of Iraqi petroleum or petroleum products, paid for by or on behalf of the purchaser on or after August 6, 1990, each and every United States financial institution is directed and compelled to transfer such funds or assets held by it or carried on its books to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, when, to the extent, and in the manner required by the Secretary of the Treasury.

Sec. 3.⁠

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as fiscal agent of the United States, is authorized, directed, and compelled to receive funds and other assets in which the Government of Iraq or its agencies, instrumentalities, or controlled entities have an interest, and to hold, invest, or transfer such funds and assets, and any earnings thereon, when, to the extent, and in the manner required by the Secretary of the Treasury in order to fulfill the rights and obligations of the United States under United Nations Security Council Resolution No. 778.

Sec. 4.⁠

Compliance with this order, or any regulation, instruction, or direction issued under this order, licensing, authorizing, directing, or compelling the transfer of the blocked funds and other assets described in section 2 of this order, or funds and other assets received from the United Nations in repayment of funds and assets transferred pursuant to section 2 of this order, shall, to the extent thereof, be a full acquittance and discharge for all purposes of the obligation of the person making the transfer. No person shall be held liable in any court for or with respect to anything done or omitted in good faith in connection with the administration of, or pursuant to and in reliance on, this order or any regulation, instruction, or direction issued hereunder. The operation of this order shall have no effect on rights, debts, and claims existing with respect to funds or other assets prior to their transfer to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Sec. 5.⁠

For the purposes of this order, the term "United States financial institution" means any United States citizen, permanent resident alien, juridical person organized under the laws of the United States, or any person located in the United States, which is engaged in the business of accepting deposits, making, granting, transferring, holding, or brokering loans or credits, or purchasing or selling foreign exchange or securities, including, but not limited to, depository institutions, banks, saving banks, trust companies, securities brokers and dealers, clearing corporations, investment companies, and U.S. holding companies, U.S. affiliates, or U.S. subsidiaries of the foregoing. This term includes branches, offices, and agencies of foreign financial institutions which are located in the United States.

Sec. 6.⁠

The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, is authorized to take such actions, including the issuance of directive licenses, rules, and regulations, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this order. The Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these functions to other officers and agencies of the Federal Government. All agencies of the Federal Government are directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority to carry out the provisions of this order.

Sec. 7.⁠

Nothing contained in this order shall create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable by any party (other than the United States) against the United States, its agencies or instrumentalities, its officers or employees or any other person.

Sec. 8.⁠

(a)		This order is effective immediately.
(b)		This order shall be transmitted to the Congress and published in the Federal Register.

George Bush⁠

The White House,

October 21, 1992.

Notes

Revoked by:

• Executive Order 13350, July 29, 2004

See Related:

• Executive Order 12722, August 2, 1990;
• Executive Order 12724, August 9, 1990;
• Executive Order 12734, November 14, 1990;
• Executive Order 13290, March 20, 2003;
• Executive Order 13315, August 28, 2003;
• Executive Order 13364, November 29, 2004;
• Executive Order 13438, July 17, 2007