Index:A general history for colleges and high schools (Myers, 1890).djvu

Title	A General History for Colleges and High Schools (Myers)
Author	P. V. N. Myers, 1846-1937
Year	1890
Publisher	Boston, Ginn
Source	djvu
Progress	Proofread—All pages of the work proper are proofread, but not all are validated
Transclusion	Advertising not transcluded

Pages (key to Page Status)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS.

1. PAGE

2. Preface ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   iii

3. List of Maps ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   x

4. General Introduction: The Races and their Early Migrations. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   1

5. Part I.

6. ANCIENT HISTORY.

7. Section I.—The Eastern Nations.

8. CHAPTER

9. I.

   India and China.

10. 1.

    India ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    8

11. 2.

    China ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    12

12. II.

    Egypt.

13. 1.

    Political History ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    18

14. 2.

    Religion, Arts, and General Culture ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    27

15. III.

    Chaldæa.

16. 1.

    Political History ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    40

17. 2.

    Arts and General Culture ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    43

18. IV.

    Assyria.

19. 1.

    Political History ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    48

20. 2.

    Religion, Arts, and General Culture ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    52

21. V.

    Babylonia ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    58

22. VI.

    The Hebrews ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    63

23. VII.

    The Phœnicians ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    70

24. VIII.

    The Persian Empire.

25. 1.

    Political History ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    74

26. 2.

    Government, Religion, and Arts ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    82

27. Section II.—Grecian History.

28. IX.

    The Land and the People ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    87

29. X.

    The legendary Heroic Age ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    93

1. XI.

   Religion of the Greeks ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   101

2. XII.

   Age of the Tyrants and of Colonization: the Early Growth of Sparta and of Athens.

3. 1.

   Age of the Tyrants and of Colonization ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   109

4. 2.

   The Growth of Sparta ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   112

5. 3.

   The Growth of Athens ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   117

6. XIII.

   The Græco-Persian Wars ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   125

7. XIV.

   Period of Athenian Supremacy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   136

8. XV.

   The Peloponnesian War: the Spartan and the Theban Supremacy.

9. 1.

   The Peloponnesian War ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

   147

10. 2.

    The Spartan and the Theban Supremacy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    155

11. XVI.

    Period of Macedonian Supremacy: Empire of Alexander ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    159

12. XVII.

    States formed from the Empire of Alexander ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    170

13. XVIII.

    Greek Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting.

14. 1.

    Architecture ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    176

15. 2.

    Sculpture and Painting ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    182

16. XIX.

    Greek Literature.

17. 1.

    Epic and Lyric Poetry ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    190

18. 2.

    The Drama and Dramatists ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    193

19. 3.

    History and Historians ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    196

20. 4.

    Oratory ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    198

21. XX.

    Greek Philosophy and Science ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    203

22. XXI.

    Social Life of the Greeks ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    215

23. Section III.—Roman History.

24. XXII.

    The Roman Kingdom ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    222

25. XXIII.

    The Early Roman Republic: Conquest of Italy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    232

26. XXIV.

    The First Punic War ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    247

27. XXV.

    The Second Punic War ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    254

28. XXVI.

    The Third Punic War ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    267

29. XXVII.

    The Last Century of the Roman Republic ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    273

30. XXVIII.

    The Last Century of the Roman Republic (concluded) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    285

31. XXIX.

    The Roman Empire (from 31 B.C. to A.D. 180) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    305

32. XXX.

    Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire in the West (A.D. 180–476) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    324

33. XXXI.

    Roman Civilization.

34. 1.

    Architecture ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    350

35. 2.

    Literature, Philosophy, and Law ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    354

36. 3.

    Social Life ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    359

30. Part II.

31. MEDIÆVAL, AND MODERN HISTORY.

32. PAGE

33. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    366

34. Section I.—Mediæval History.

35. FIRST PERIOD.—THE DARK AGES.

36. (From the Fall of Rome, A.D. 476, to the Eleventh Century.)

37. CHAPTER

38. XXXII.

    Migrations and Settlements of the Teutonic Tribes ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    371

39. XXXIII.

    The Conversion of the Barbarians ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    377

40. XXXIV.

    Fusion of the Latin and Teutonic Peoples ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    385

41. XXXV.

    The Roman Empire in the East ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    389

42. XXXVI.

    Mohammed and the Saracens ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    392

43. XXXVII.

    Charlemagne and the Restoration of the Empire in the West ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    403

44. XXXVIII.

    The Northmen ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    410

45. XXXIX.

    Rise of the Papal Power ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    414

46. SECOND PERIOD.—THE AGE OF REVIVAL.

47. (From the opening of the Eleventh Century to the Discovery of America by Columbus, in 1492.)

48. XL.

    Feudalism and Chivalry.

49. 1.

    Feudalism ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    421

50. 2.

    Chivalry ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    429

51. XLI.

    The Norman Conquest of England ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    433

52. XLII.

    The Crusades.

53. 1.

    Introductory : Causes of the Crusades ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    438

54. 2.

    The First Crusade ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    441

55. 3.

    The Second Crusade ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    443

56. 4.

    The Third Crusade ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    444

57. 5.

    The Fourth Crusade ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    446

58. 6.

    Close of the Crusades : Their Results ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    447

59. XLIII.

    Supremacy of the Papacy: Decline of its Temporal Power ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    452

60. XLIV.

    Conquests of the Turanian Tribes ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    460

61. XLV.

    Growth of the Towns: The Italian City-Republics ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    464

62. XLVI.

    The Revival of Learning ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    471

63. XLVII.

    Growth of the Nations: Formation of National Governments and Literatures.

64. 1.

    England ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    479

65. 2.

    France ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    491

66. 3.

    Spain ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    498

67. 4.

    Germany ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    501

68. 5.

    Russia ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    508

69. 6.

    Italy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    509

70. 7.

    The Northern Countries ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    512

71. Section II.—Modern History.

72. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    513

73. THIRD PERIOD.—THE ERA OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION.

74. (From the Discovery of America to the Peace of Westphalia, in 1648.)

75. XLVIII.

    The Beginnings of the Reformation under Luther ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    519

76. XLIX.

    The Ascendency of Spain.

77. 1.

    Reign of the Emperor Charles V. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    530

78. 2.

    Spain under Philip II ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    535

79. L.

    The Tudors and the English Reformation. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

80. 1.

    Introductory ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    539

81. 2.

    The Reign of Henry VII ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    541

82. 3.

    England severed from the Papacy by Henry VIII ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    543

83. 4.

    Changes in the Creed and Ritual under Edward VI ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    550

84. 5.

    Reaction under Mary ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    552

85. 6.

    Final Establishment of Protestantism under Elizabeth ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    554

86. LI.

    The Revolt of the Netherlands: Rise of the Dutch Republic ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    563

87. LII.

    The Huguenot Wars in France ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    572

88. LIII.

    The Thirty Years' War ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    582

89. FOURTH PERIOD.—THE ERA OF THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION.

90. (From the Peace of Westphalia, in 1648, to the present time.)

91. LIV

    The Ascendency of France under the Absolute Government of Louis XIV ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    590

92. LV.

    England under the Stuarts: The English Revolution. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

93. 1.

    The first Two Stuarts ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    601

94. 2.

    The Commonwealth ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    613

95. 3.

    The Restored Stuarts ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    618

96. 4.

    The Orange-Stuarts ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    626

97. 5.

    England under the Earlier Hanoverians ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    630

98. LVI.

    The Rise of Russia: Peter the Great ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    633

99. LVII.

    The Rise of Prussia: Frederick the Great ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

    642

100. LVIII.

     The French Revolution.

101. 1.

     Causes of the Revolution: The States-General of 1789 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     647

102. 2.

     The National, or Constituent Assembly ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     651

103. 3.

     The Legislative Assembly ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     655

104. 4.

     The National Convention ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     657

105. 5.

     The Directory ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     667

106. LIX.

     The Consulate and the First Empire: France since the Second Restoration.

107. 1.

     The Consulate and the Empire ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     673

108. 2.

     France since the Second Restoration ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     688

109. LX.

     Russia since the Congress of Vienna ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     692

110. LXI.

     German Freedom and Unity ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     700

111. LXII.

     Liberation and Unification of Italy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     708

112. LXIII.

     England since the Congress of Vienna. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

113. 1.

     Progress towards Democracy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     715

114. 2.

     Expansion of the Principle of Religious Equality ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     720

115. 3.

     Growth of the British Empire in the East ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     723

116. Conclusion: The New Age ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     729

117. Index, Pronouncing Vocabulary, and Glossary ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

     733